| Citation: | GUAN Pei-hao, ZHOU Ping, YANG Li-na, WEN Xin, LI Guan-lin, SHI Hao-dong, SUN Hong-yu, WANG Qi, WANG Jia-yu, CHEN Ming-ce, LI Ying-chao. Modeling and simulation analysis of long-wave infrared polarization of ship wakes on the sea surface based on the microfacet model[J]. Chinese Optics. doi: 10.37188/CO.2025-0160
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Addressing the requirement for infrared detection of ship wakes under complex sea conditions, a method for analyzing the dynamic infrared polarization characteristics of ship wakes based on the microfacet model is proposed. An analytical model for the infrared polarization effects of wakes against a complex sea surface background is constructed. Based on the P-M sea spectrum model and the Kelvin wake model, the microfacet bidirectional reflectance distribution function is introduced to analyze the infrared polarization characteristics of ship wakes under dynamic sea surface backgrounds. The influence of parameters such as ship speed, draught, wind speed, and wind direction on the wake's infrared polarization characteristics, including the degree of polarization (DOP), angle of polarization (AOP), and contrast, is investigated. Notably, the average contrast of the wake's infrared DOP image is improved by 159% compared to traditional intensity images, and the AOP image shows an improvement of 258%. The analytical model for wake infrared polarization effects is validated by comparing mathematical simulations with computational fluid dynamics simulations, achieving a similarity of over 95.7%. A comparison between actual captured wake images and simulation results shows high similarity, confirming the effectiveness of the proposed model for simulating and analyzing the infrared polarization characteristics of ship wakes against a sea background. This study provides an important theoretical foundation for high-precision, anti-interference detection and identification of ships under complex sea conditions.
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