Analysis of key technologies and progress of high-power narrow linewidth fiber laser based on the multi-longitudinal-mode oscillator seed source
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摘要:
基于多纵模振荡种子源的窄线宽光纤激光器具有光路简单、结构紧凑、可靠性高、成本低等特点，在实际工程应用以及在空间受限的载荷平台上有着显著优势，是高功率光谱合成的理想子束模块。受自脉冲效应的影响，多纵模振荡种子源的时域特性较差，导致放大过程中会产生较强的光谱展宽与受激拉曼散射效应。这限制了其输出功率的进一步提升并降低了其光谱纯度。本文首先介绍了4种常见的窄线宽种子源，并重点分析了多纵模振荡种子源中自脉冲效应产生的机理及抑制方法，对优化多纵模振荡种子源和放大器的关键技术进行了详细介绍，归纳总结了近几年的技术突破与研究成果，对未来的发展方向进行了展望分析。本文研究对基于多纵模振荡种子源的窄线宽激光器的功率提升和光谱优化提供一定思路。
Abstract:Narrow linewidth fiber lasers, which are based on an oscillator seed source with multiple longitudinal-mode, offer substantial advantages for engineering applications and space-limited platform payloads. Additionally, they are considered ideal sub-modules for high-power spectral combinations. The time domain of this type of seed is unstable due to the self-pulse effect, causing significant spectral broadening and stimulated Raman scattering effects during the amplification process. These effects limit the further improvement in output power and affect the purity of laser spectra. This paper introduces four commonly used narrow linewidth seeds. The mechanism and suppression methods of the self-pulse effect in multi-longitudinal mode oscillator seeds were analyzed. Critical technologies essential for the optimization and relevant progress of the multi-longitudinal-mode oscillator seed source and amplifier stages are discussed in detail. A future development outlook is also presented. This paper serves as a useful reference for the design of narrow linewidth fiber lasers based on the multi-longitudinal-mode oscillator seed source.
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图 1 不同窄线宽种子源示意图。（a）单频激光相位调制种子源；（b）超荧光光源窄带滤波种子源；（c）随机光纤激光器种子源；（d）多纵模振荡种子源
Figure 1. Schematic diagram of different narrow-linewidth seed source. (a) Single frequency laser seed sources; (b) narrow-band filtered seed source of superfluorescent light source, (c) random fiber laser seed source, (d) narrow-linewidth multi-longitudinal-mode oscillator seed source
图 2 不同功率和时间尺度上的自脉冲时域信号。（a）在微秒尺度上的激光阈值自脉冲；（b）在十纳秒尺度上的激光阈值自脉冲；（c）在微秒尺度上的较高功率激光自脉冲；（d）在十纳秒尺度上的较高功率激光自脉冲[35]
Figure 2. Time-domain signals of self-pulse with different powers at different time scales. (a) Laser threshold self-pulse on the microsecond scale; (b) laser threshold self-pulse on the ten nanosecond scale; (c) laser threshold self-pulse with higher power on the microsecond scale; (d) laser threshold self-pulse with higher power on the ten nanosecond scale [35]
图 5 （a）不含F-P腔和（b）含F-P腔空间耦合F-P腔抑制自脉冲实验示意图
Figure 5. Schematic diagram of self-pulse suppression experiment (a) without and (b) with spatially coupled F-P cavity
图 6 全光纤化的复合振荡腔示意图
Figure 6. Schematic diagram of complex oscillator cavity with all-fiber configuration
图 8 引入CTFBG前后1 kW窄线宽激光的SRS抑制情况
Figure 8. SRS suppression of 1 kW narrow line width fiber laser with and without CTFBG
图 11 1045 nm窄线宽光纤激光器光路示意图
Figure 11. Schematic diagram of optical path of narrow-linewidth fiber laser at 1045 nm
图 12 3.3 kW窄线宽光纤激光器光路示意图
Figure 12. Schematic diagram of the optical path of a 3.3 kW narrow-linewidth fiber laser
图 13 “种子-放大级共享泵浦”结构示意图
Figure 13. Structural diagram of the “seed-amplifier sharing pump”
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