| Citation: | CHEN Li, LIU Jun-hao, BI Shi-wen, WU Bei-chen, FU Tian-jiao, ZHANG Xing-xiang. Design of space optical systems and analysis of their thermal stability[J]. Chinese Optics. doi: 10.37188/CO.2025-0097
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Off-axis reflective optical systems are widely employed in Earth observation and mapping owing to their advantages of wide field of view (FOV), high image quality, and stable interior orientation elements. To address the degraded off-axis image quality and thermally induced pointing drift of initial designs from conventional aberration-cancellation methods, this study analytically derives the third-order aberration coefficients of a three-mirror system, assuming a stop at the secondary mirror and symmetric axial spacing between the primary and tertiary mirrors. To further enhance imaging performance, fourth-order aspheric terms are introduced on both the primary and tertiary mirrors, thereby increasing the degrees of freedom for optimization. A comprehensive image-quality evaluation function incorporating quasi-telecentric constraints is constructed, and a hybrid genetic algorithm-sequential quadratic programming (GA-SQP) approach is employed to obtain an optimized initial configuration. The resulting system achieves a focal length of 260 mm, an F-number of 10, and a 7° × 30° FOV, with a modulation transfer function (MTF) above 0.25 at 77 lp/mm, a maximum distortion of 2%, and a maximum chief-ray angle of 2.3°. Microcrystalline glass and titanium alloy are adopted as the mirror substrate and structural materials, respectively. Finite-element thermal analysis is performed under a 6.8 °C temperature gradient, and the optical axis rotation, evaluated using the TRIAD algorithm, is −1.3″ around the
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