基于飞秒光纤光栅的增敏型倾角传感器设计与优化

NutsugloTheophilus; 郭永兴; 周万欢; 于海生; 任如华; 沈顺安

doi:10.37188/CO.EN-2024-0034

基于飞秒光纤光栅的增敏型倾角传感器设计与优化

1.
武汉科技大学冶金装备及其控制教育部重点实验室, 中国武汉 430081
2.
武汉科技大学机械传动与制造工程湖北省重点实验室, 中国武汉 430081
3.
澳门大学智慧城市物联网国家重点实验室, 中国澳门 999078
4.
中铁十四局集团有限公司, 中国济南 250000

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中图分类号: TN253;TP212
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-11-12
- 录用日期: 2024-12-27
- 网络出版日期: 2025-01-08

Design optimization of a sensitivity-enhanced tilt sensor based on femtosecond fiber bragg grating

doi: 10.37188/CO.EN-2024-0034

1.
Key Laboratory of Metallurgical Equipment and Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
2.
Hubei Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission and Manufacturing Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
3.
State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
4.
China Railway 14th Bureau Group Corporation Limited, Jinan 250000, China

Funds: This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 52105558 and Grant 52075397, and in part by the Project of Guangdong Province Science and Technology Plan under Grant 2022A0505030019, and in part by the “14th Five Year Plan” Hubei Provincial Advantaged Characteristic Disciplines (Groups) Project of Wuhan University of Science and Technology under Grant 2023B0502.

More Information

Author Bio:
NUTSUGLO Theophilus (1993—) earned his B.Sc. in Mechanical Engineering from Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Ghana, in 2018. He is currently pursuing M.Sc. in Mechanical Engineering at Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan. His research interests focus on fiber Bragg grating sensing technology for structural health monitoring. E-mail: tnutsuglo@yahoo.com

GUO Yong-xing (1986—) received the Ph.D. degrees in measurement control technology and instruments from the National Engineering Laboratory for Fiber Optic Sensing Technology, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China, in 2014. He is currently a Professor with Wuhan University of Science and Technology. His research interests include optical fiber sensing technology for mechanical equipment, civil engineering, and robotics. Email: yongxing_guo@wust.edu.cn

Corresponding author: yongxing_guo@wust.edu.cn

摘要

摘要:
目的：面向结构健康监测领域中的倾角信息高精度监测需求，本文提出了一种基于飞秒光纤光栅的灵敏度增强型倾角传感器。方法：首先，运用了静力学原理对倾角传感器进行结构设计，通过设置偏离梁中性轴的光纤光栅，实现光纤光栅应变线性增加，进而提高传感器的灵敏度；接着，通过建立光纤光栅应变、力和中性轴偏离距离之间的关系，确定了产生最大应变所对应的最佳距离；然后，基于此优化方案设计制造了倾角传感器的原型并进行了实验测试。结果：结果表明，倾角传感器最大灵敏度的光纤光栅偏离距离为4.4 mm，在−30°至30°的倾角范围内灵敏度达到了129.95 pm/°，线性度提高至0.9997，相较于传统的光纤光栅倾角传感器，灵敏度和线性度均得到了显著提升，同时还表现出了良好的重复性（误差<0.94%）、蠕变抗性（误差<0.30%）和温度稳定性（误差<0.90%）。结论：证明该倾角传感器在结构健康监测中拥有着优秀的应用潜力。传感器已成功应用于地下管道项目中，对项目中钢支撑结构的倾角与变形进行了长期监测，进一步证明了其工程安全监测应用价值。
- 光纤布拉格光栅 /
- 倾角传感器 /
- 灵敏度增强 /
- 飞秒光纤光栅
Abstract:
This study presents a sensitivity-enhanced tilt sensor based on femtosecond fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs). The sensor design follows static mechanics principles, where strain increases when displaced from the neutral axis. The novel use of femtosecond FBGs further enhances the sensor’s sensitivity and reliability compared to conventional FBGs. Finite element analysis (FEA) identified the optimal distance of 4.4 mm for maximum strain. A prototype sensor was manufactured and tested within a tilt range of −30° to 30°. Experimental results show an improved sensitivity of 129.95 pm/° and linearity of 0.9997. The sensor demonstrated repeatability (error < 0.94%), creep resistance (error < 0.30%), and temperature stability (error < 0.90%). Deployed in an underground pipeline project, it successfully monitored tilt highlighting its potential for structural health monitoring (SHM).
- fiber Bragg grating /
- tilt sensor /
- sensitivity-enhanced /
- femtosecond FBG

HTML全文

图 1 （a）传感器结构设计（b）初始悬臂设计结构（c）传感器组件

Figure 1. (a) Sensor structure design (b) Initial cantilever design structure (c) Sensor assembly

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图 2 模拟结果(a)有限元分析模拟的等效应变分布。(b)承受最大应变的表面

Figure 2. Simulation results (a) Equivalent strain distribution simulated by FEA. (b) Surfaces experiencing maximum strain

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图 3 悬臂梁设计结构

Figure 3. Cantilever design structure

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图 4 (a) 离中性轴的位置距离、作用力和应变之间的关系。(b) 表示1.0 N 的最大应变的放大图

Figure 4. (a) The relation between the position distance from the neutral axis, applied force, and strain. (b) amplified diagram showing the maximum strain of 1.0 N

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图 5 (a) 优化的悬臂结构设计 (b) 相应的质量块设计。

Figure 5. (a) Optimized cantilever structure design (b) corresponding mass block design.

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图 6 制作的物理传感器原型。(a) 带有预应力 FBG 的悬臂梁； (b) 传感器结构设计；(c) 装配好的传感器

Figure 6. Physical sensor prototype fabricated. (a) Cantilever with prestressed FBGs. (b) Sensor structure design. (c) Assembled sensor

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图 7 倾角传感器标定系统

Figure 7. Tilt sensor calibration system

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图 8 (a)四次倾斜测试中 FBG1 和 FBG2 的波长漂移量； (b)FBG1 和 FBG2 的平均波长漂移响应

Figure 8. (a)Wavelength shifts of FBG1 and FBG2 for the four tilt tests (b) Average wavelength shifts responses of FBG1 and FBG2.

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图 9 (a) FBG1 和 FBG2 的波长漂移差； (b) 优化设计和初始设计的波长偏移差平均值的线性拟合

Figure 9. (a)Wavelength shifts difference of FBG1 and FBG2 (b) Linear fit for the average values of the wavelength shift difference of the optimized and initial design.

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图 10 抗蠕变试验结果。

Figure 10. Creep resistance test results.

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图 11 温度补偿测试装置

Figure 11. Temperature compensation test setup

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图 12 温度补偿实验结果

Figure 12. Temperature compensation experimental results

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图 13 倾角传感器的安装。(a) 地下管道舱；(b) 倾角传感器 1； (c) 倾角传感器 2； (d) FBG 解调仪和电脑

Figure 13. Tilt sensor installation. (a) Underground pipeline bay. (b) Tilt sensor 1. (c) Tilt sensor 2. (d) FBG interrogator and PC

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图 14 从振动信号中提取中心值得到六个月监测期内的倾角曲线图（a）倾角传感器1；（b）倾角传感器2.

Figure 14. Tilt angle curve during the six-month monitoring period with the extraction of central value from the vibration signal for (a) Tilt sensor 1 and (b) Tilt sensor 2.

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图 15 提取的中心值。(a) 倾角传感器 1； (b) 倾角传感器 2

Figure 15. Extracted central value for (a) Tilt sensor 1 and (b) Tilt sensor 2

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表 1 Material properties of brass and silica

Table 1. Material properties of brass and silica

Properties Young’s Modulus Poisson’s Ratio

Brass 100 GPa 0.33

Silica 73 GPa 0.17

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表 2 Sensitivity and linearity comparison between the initial and optimized design.

Table 2. Sensitivity and linearity comparison between the initial and optimized design.

Property Sensitivity (pm/°) Linearity

Initial design 95.90 0.9994

Optimized design 129.95 0.9997

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