All-optical logic gate based on nonlinear effects of two-dimensional photonic crystals
doi: 10.37188/CO.EN-2023-0021
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摘要:
基于光子晶体非线性效应和线性干涉效应设计了全光异或、非和与逻辑门。应用反演定理拆分较复杂逻辑表达式，通过级联组合设计了全光或非门和四输入与门逻辑器件。本文利用时域有限差分法进行仿真模拟计算，对非线性环形腔的耦合特性进行了分析，然后在信号波长为1.47 μm条件下设计了上述逻辑器件，且通过可扩展输入端可设计出更多输入的器件。分析了信号功率对四输入与逻辑器件逻辑功能的影响。结果表明信号光源功率在1.1 W/μm2到3.4 W/μm2之间时，输出端的逻辑对比度均大于10 dB。所设计器件响应时间最短仅1.6 ps，占用面积小，易于扩展与集成，在光处理系统和集成光路中有较大应用前景。
Abstract:All-optical XOR, NOT and two-input AND logic gates are designed based on the nonlinear effect and linear interference effect of photonic crystals. The complex logic expressions are divided by inversion theorem, and all-optical NOR gate and four-input AND gate logic devices are designed by cascade combination. In this paper, the Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) method is used for simulation, and the coupling characteristics of nonlinear annular cavities are analyzed. Then, the above logic devices are designed under the condition that the signal wavelength is 1.47 μm, and more input devices can be designed by expanding the input. The influence of signal power on the logic function of the four-input AND logic devices is analyzed. The results show that when the power of the signal light source is between 1.1 W/μm2 and 3.4 W/μm2, the logical contrast ratio of the output is greater than 10 dB. The response time of the designed device is only 1.6 ps, the occupied area is small, and the device is easy to expand and integrate. It has great application prospect in optical processing systems and integrated optical paths.
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Key words:
- ring resonator /
- microcavity /
- optical logics /
- nonlinear effect
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Figure 1. Characteristics of nonlinear ring cavity and its output at each port in the 1.42−1.52 μm band. (a) Structure and (b) normalized power of output port
Figure 2. Steady-state electric field diagrams and normalized powers of output ports when incident light source has different powers. (a) Electric field diagram at low power, (b) electric field diagram at high power, (c) output power at low power, and (d) output power at high power
Figure 4. Steady-state electric field diagrams and normalized power curves when input logic is '01', '10' and '11' respectively. (a)−(c) are electric field diagrams when input logic is (a) '01', (b) '10', and (c) '11'; (d)−(f) are normalized power curves when input logic is (d) '01', (e) '10', and (f) '11'
Figure 6. Steady-state electric field diagrams and normalized output powers when input logic is ‘01’、 ‘11’. (a)−(b) are electric field diagrams when input logic is (a) '01' and (b) '11'; (c)−(d) are normalized output curves when input logic is (c) '01' and (d) '11'
Figure 8. Steady-state electric field diagrams and normalized output powers when input is ‘00’、 ‘10’、and ‘11’. (a)−(c) are electric field diagrams when input logic is (a) '00', (b) '10', and (c) '11'; (d)−(f) are normalized output powers when input logic is (d) '00', (e) '10', and (f) '11'
Figure 10. Steady-state electric field diagrams and normalized output powers when input is ‘1000’, ‘1100’, ‘1110’ and ‘1111’. (a)−(d) are electric field diagrams when input is (a) '1000', (b) '1100' , (c) '1110', and (d) '1111' . (e)−(f) are normalized output powers when input is (e) '1000', (f) '1100', (g) '1110', and (h) '1111'
Table 1. Truth table of two-input AND gate
Input （Normalized power） Output （Normalized power） I1 I2 O1 0 1 0.0168 1 1 1.0440 
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Table 2. Truth table of NOR Gate
Input （Normalized power） Output （Normalized power） I1 I2 O1 0 0 0.4830 1 0 0.0015 1 1 0.0011
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Table 3. Truth table of four-input AND gate
Input （Normalized power） Output （Normalized power） I1 I2 I3 I4 O1 1 0 0 0 0.002 1 1 0 0 0.015 1 1 1 0 0.039 1 1 1 1 1.221
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