大变倍比制冷型红外双波段变焦光学系统设计

耿海涛; 虞林瑶; 张葆

doi:10.37188/CO.2024-0007

大变倍比制冷型红外双波段变焦光学系统设计

doi: 10.37188/CO.2024-0007

耿海涛^{1, 2,},
虞林瑶¹,
张葆^1, ,

1.
中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所, 长春 130033
2.
中国科学院大学, 北京 100049

基金项目: 国家重点科研项目（No. 303060302）

详细信息

作者简介:
耿海涛（1999—），男，山东潍坊人，中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所硕士研究生，主要从事光学设计方面的研究。E-mail：haitaogeng914@163.com

张　葆（1966—），男，吉林磐石人，研究员，主要从事图像处理、光学设计、目标识别与跟踪的研究。E-mail：Zhangb@ciomp.ac.cn

中图分类号: TP394.1;TH691.9
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-01-08
- 录用日期: 2024-04-22
- 网络出版日期: 2024-05-17

Design of large-magnification-ratio cooled infrared dual-band zoom optical system

GENG Hai-tao^{1, 2
,},
YU Lin-yao¹,
ZHANG Bao^{1
, ,}

1.
Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
2.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Funds: Supported by

More Information

Corresponding author: Zhangb@ciomp.ac.cn

摘要

摘要:
第三代红外焦平面探测器的不断发展使得探测器具备同时对两个不同波段的红外辐射进行响应的能力，输出双波段对应图像，双波段图像在目标探测和识别领域前景广阔。本文针对航空探测应用，采用320×256双色红外制冷型探测器，设计了一种工作波段在中波3.7～4.8 μm和长波7.7～9.5 μm的大变倍比制冷型红外双波段变焦光学系统，用于对目标的红外探测。该光学系统采用折射式和折反式结构相结合的方式，实现光学四视场切换式大范围变焦，采用二次成像以达到100％冷光阑效率。该光学系统四视场焦距分别为32 mm、200 mm、800 mm、1600 mm，变倍比为50×。实验结果表明，光学系统在双波段各变倍状态下，在调制传递函数特征频率为17 lp/mm时均接近衍射极限。该光学系统具有双波段、变倍范围大、大变倍比、快速切换多视场、结构简单紧凑、高质量成像等特征，将在搜索、侦察等安防领域中得到广泛应用。
- 双波段 /
- 制冷型 /
- 大变倍比 /
- 光学系统
Abstract:
The development of third-generation infrared focal plane detectors allows them to respond simultaneously to two different bands of infrared radiation, and the dual-band image brings great benefits to target detection and identification. In this paper, for aerial detection applications, adopting 320×256 dual-color infrared cooled detector, a large-magnification-ratio cooled infrared dual-band zoom optical system with operating bands of 3.7−4.8 μm in the midwave and 7.7−9.5 μm in the longwave has been designed for infrared detection of targets. The optical system adopts a combination of transmissive and refractive structures to realize an optical four-field-of-view switching wide-range zoom, and in order to meet the 100% cold diaphragm efficiency, a secondary imaging mode is adopted. The four-field focal lengths of the optical system are 32 mm, 200 mm, 800 mm, and 1600 mm, and the zoom ratio is 50×. The experimental results show that the optical system is close to the diffraction limit at a modulation transfer function eigenfrequency of 17 lp/mm in each of the dual-band zoom states. The optical system has the characteristics of dual-band, large zoom ratio, large zoom range, fast switching of multiple fields of view, simple and compact structure, and high-quality imaging, which will be widely used in the security fields such as searching, reconnaissance, and so on.
- dual band /
- cooled /
- large magnification ratio /
- optical system

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图 1 光学系统结构原理图

Figure 1. Optical system structure schematic diagram

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 光学系统结构图。（a）短焦；（b）中焦；（c）长焦；（d）超长焦

Figure 2. Optical system structure diagrams. (a) short focus; (b) middle focus; (c) long focus; (d) super long focus

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图 3 MTF曲线。（a）中波短焦；（b）长波短焦；（c）中波中焦；（d)长波中焦；（e）中波长焦；（f）长波长焦；（g）中波超长焦；（h）长波超长焦

Figure 3. MTF curves. (a) MWIR short focus; (b) LWIR short focus; (c) MWIR middle focus; (d) LWIR middle focus; (e) MWIR long focus; (f) LWIR long focus; (g) MWIR super long focus; (h) LWIR super long focus

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图 4 弥散斑点列图。（a）中波短焦；（b）长波短焦；（c）中波中焦；（d)长波中焦；（e）中波长焦；（f）长波长焦；（g）中波超长焦；（h）长波超长焦

Figure 4. Diffuse speckle diagrams. (a) MWIR short focus; (b) LWIR short focus; (c) MWIR middle focus; (d) LWIR middle focus; (e) MWIR long focus; (f) LWIR long focus; (g) MWIR super long focus; (h) LWIR super long focus

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 畸变曲线。（a）中波短焦；（b）长波短焦；（c）中波中焦；（d)长波中焦；（e）中波长焦；（f）长波长焦；（g）中波超长焦；（h）长波超长焦

Figure 5. Distortion curves. (a) MWIR short focus; (b) LWIR short focus; (c) MWIR middle focus; (d) LWIR middle focus; (e) MWIR long focus; (f) LWIR long focus; (g) MWIR super long focus; (h) LWIR super long focus

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图 6 衍射圈入能量图。（a）中波短焦；（b）长波短焦；（c）中波中焦；（d)长波中焦；（e）中波长焦；（f）长波长焦；（g）中波超长焦；（h）长波超长焦

Figure 6. Diffraction circle into the energy diagrams. (a) MWIR short focus; (b) LWIR short focus; (c) MWIR middle focus; (d) LWIR middle focus; (e) MWIR long focus; (f) LWIR long focus; (g) MWIR super long focus; (h) LWIR super long focus

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图 7 第7面冷反射光路追迹图

Figure 7. Cold-reflected optical path trace on the 7th surface

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表 1 光学系统设计指标

Table 1. Optical system design specifications

项目	指标
工作波段/μm	3.7～4.8&7.7～9.5
焦距/mm	32；200；800；1600
FOV/（°）	21.75；3.52；0.88；0.44
F数	4.0；8.0
变焦倍率	50×
冷屏到像面间隔/mm	20
总长/mm	300

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表 2 宽波段红外材料

Table 2. Wide-band infrared materials

材料	透射范围（μm）	折射率（4 μm）	阿贝数（3～5 μm）	阿贝数（8～12 μm）
Ge	2～12	4.0247	103.4	834.3
ZnSe	0.55～18	2.4331	176.9	58.0
ZnS(BROAD)	0.42～18.2	2.3468	109.63	22.9
AMTIR1	1～14	2.5144	196.7	115.2

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表 3 冷反射严重面中波/长波YNI和I/IBAR值

Table 3. Cold Reflection Severe Surface MWIR/LWIR YNI and I/IBAR Values

表面	5	6	7	10	14
YNI	−0.811	−0.849	0.044	0.176	0.516
YNI	−0.806	−0.845	0.047	0.185	0.522
I/IBAR	0.319	0.357	0.107	0.154	0.541
I/IBAR	0.320	0.357	0.129	0.169	0.550

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