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摘要:
变形光学系统具有双平面对称性，其在两个对称面内的焦距不同。利用变形光学系统能够在使用常规尺寸传感器的情况下获得更宽的视场。本文根据变形光学系统的一阶像差特性，提出了一种设计折反式变形光学系统的方法。使用双锥面（Biconic Surface）面型设计了一个折反式变形光学系统。系统在
${{XOZ}}$ 面内的焦距为500 mm，在${{YOZ}}$ 对称面内的焦距为1000 mm。系统F-number为10，全视场角为1°×1°。系统在80 lp/mm处的全视场调制传递函数均值高于0.3。系统整体结构紧凑，成像质量良好。Abstract:The anamorphic optical system has a two-plane symmetry, with different focal lengths in the two symmetry planes. This system can obtain a wider field of view when using sensors with conventional size. We propose a method for designing catadioptric anamorphic optical systems based on their first-order aberration characteristics. A catadioptric anamorphic optical system is designed by using a biconic surface, with a focal length of 500 mm in the
XOZ plane and 1000 mm in theYOZ plane. The system’s F-number is 10, and the full field angle is 1°×1°. The mean value of the full field of view MTF of the system is higher than 0.3 at 80 lp/mm. The overall structure of the system is compact, and the imaging quality is excellent.-
Key words:
- optical design /
- anamorphic optical system /
- catadioptric system /
- biconic surface
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图 4 光学系统初始结构图
Figure 4. Schematic diagram of the initial structure of the optical system
图 10 系统成像模拟 。（a）源图像 ；（b）模拟图像
Figure 10. Imaging simulation of the system. (a) Source image; (b) simulated image
图 11 光学系统的（a）场曲；（b）网格畸变；（c）最终系统点列图；（d） 最终系统MTF曲线
Figure 11. (a) Field curve; (b) grid distortion; (c) spot diagram; (d) MTF curve of the designed optical system
表 1 变形光学系统一阶像差
Table 1. Primary aberration of anamorphic optical system
Term Polynomial Aberration name 1 ${D_1}\rho _x^4$ X-Spherical aberration 2 ${D_2}\rho _y^4$ Y-Spherical aberration 3 ${D_3}\rho _x^2\rho _y^2$ SKEW-Spherical aberration 4 ${D_4}{H_x}\rho _x^3$ X-Coma 5 ${D_5}{H_y}\rho _x^2{\rho _y}$ SKEW-Coma 6 ${D_6}{H_x}{\rho _x}\rho _y^2$ SKEW-Coma 7 ${D_7}{H_y}\rho _y^3$ Y-Coma 8 ${D_8}H_x^2\rho _x^2$ X-Astigmatism & FC 9 ${D_9}H_y^2\rho _y^2$ Y-Astigmatism & FC 10 ${D_{10}}H_y^2\rho _x^2$ SKEW-Astigmatism & FC 11 ${D_{11}}H_x^2\rho _y^2$ SKEW-Astigmatism & FC 12 ${D_{12}}{H_x}{H_y}{\rho _x}{\rho _y}$ SKEW-Astigmatism & FC 13 ${D_{13}}H_x^3{\rho _x}$ X-Distortion 14 ${D_{14}}H_y^3{\rho _y}$ Y-Distortion 15 ${D_{15}}{H_x}H_y^2{\rho _x}$ SKEW-Distortion 16 ${D_{16}}H_x^2{H_y}{\rho _y}$ SKEW-Distortion 
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表 2 分系统参数
Table 2. Subsystem parameters
参数 分系统一 分系统二 系统孔径$/{\text{mm}}$ 50 100 视场角$2\omega /(^\circ )$ 1 1 系统焦距$/{\text{mm}}$ 500 1000 系统 ${\text{F-number}}$ 10 10
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表 3 集成系统参数
Table 3. Parameters of integrated system
参数 X-Z symmetric plane Y-Z symmetric plane 系统孔径$/{\text{mm}}$ 50 100 视场角$2\omega /(^\circ )$ 1 1 焦距$/{\text{mm}}$ 500 1000 ${\text{F - number}}$ 10 10
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表 4 光学系统结构参数表
Table 4. Configuration parameters of the optical system
Surface Type Thickness Material Cx Cy kx ky 1 Biconic surface −104.117 mirror −0.03431 −0.03704 −1.159 −1.139 2 Biconic surface 112.651 mirror −0.08445 −0.012 −5.249 −3.948 3 Biconic surface 5.213 ZF50 0.041 0.032 −2.747 −4.336 4 Biconic surface 4.123 − 0.048 0.011 −1.941 −86.885 5 Biconic surface 6.000 H-BAK3 0.016 −0.103 25.940 −1.823 6 Biconic surface 12.952 − 0.032 0.044 2.986 −11.632
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