Advances on space-based hyper spectral remote sensing for atmospheric CO₂ in near infrared band

Driven by application requirements and the development of hyper spectral technology, atmospheric total column CO₂ monitoring using passive space borne high resolution spectrometry has become a very active research field. In this paper, we introduce the requirements for satellite observation of CO₂ in scientific and social development, and analyze the advantages and disadvantages of space-based CO₂ measurement, and provide an overview of the research mission and progress of the latest international Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2(OCO-2, launched by NASA in July 2014) and Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite(GOSAT,launched in January 2009), including instrument specifications, observing modes, calibration modes, and especially focus on the requirement accuracy of calibration and several kinds of in-orbit calibration modes. From the perspective of application and data processing, CO₂ detection technology between grating and Fourier transform method for interference are briefly compared. In addition, the quantitative inversion principle and future development of this field are also presented at the end of this paper.