双包层掺铥光纤放大器中的受激布里渊散射

刘庆敏; 孙慧杰; 侯尚林; 雷景丽; 武刚; 晏祖勇

doi:10.37188/CO.EN-2023-0011

Volume 17 Issue 1

Jan. 2024

Turn off MathJax

Article Contents

Chinese Optics > 2024 > 17(1): 226-237.

LIU Qing-min, SUN Hui-jie, HOU Shang-lin, LEI Jing-li, WU Gang, YAN Zu-yong. Stimulated brillouin scattering in double-clad thulium-doped fiber amplifier[J]. Chinese Optics, 2024, 17(1): 226-237. doi: 10.37188/CO.EN-2023-0011

Citation:

LIU Qing-min, SUN Hui-jie, HOU Shang-lin, LEI Jing-li, WU Gang, YAN Zu-yong. Stimulated brillouin scattering in double-clad thulium-doped fiber amplifier[J]. Chinese Optics, 2024, 17(1): 226-237. doi: 10.37188/CO.EN-2023-0011

Citation:

PDF( 5581 KB)

Stimulated brillouin scattering in double-clad thulium-doped fiber amplifier

doi: 10.37188/CO.EN-2023-0011

1.
College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
2.
School of Science, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China

Funds: Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 61665005); HongLiu First-class Disciplines Development Program of Lanzhou University of Technology

More Information

Author Bio:
LIU Qing-min (1993—), female, born in Fuyang, Anhui Province, China, received her M.S. degree from Lanzhou University of Technology in 2022. Her research area is primarily focused on fiber optic sensing. E-mail: Celina1026@163.com

HOU Shang-lin (1970—), male, born in Qin’an, Gansu Province, Professor, received his PhD from Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications in 2008. His research predominantly focuses on developing new optical fiber and high-speed optical communication devices, next-generation high-speed all-optical communication networks, and optical fiber sensor devices and networks. E-mail: houshanglin@vip.163.com
Corresponding author: houshanglin@vip.163.com
Received Date: 16 May 2023
Rev Recd Date: 29 May 2023

Available Online: 22 Sep 2023

Abstract

Abstract

In this paper, the effect of Stimulated Brillouin Scattering(SBS) on the laser output performance in a 2 µm thulium-doped fiber amplifier was analyzed theoretically. The optical mode distribution, the effective refractive index, the effective mode field area, and the normalized frequency of the double-clad thulium-doped fiber at 793 nm pump wavelength and 1.9−2.1 µm laser waveband were studied. The stimulated Brillouin scattering characteristics, including the Brillouin frequency shift and the Brillouin gain spectrum, in the double-clad thulium-doped fiber were numerically simulated in the laser waveband of 1.9−2.1 µm. The influence of stimulated Brillouin scattering on the laser output performance of thulium-doped fiber amplifiers was investigated using the theoretical model of stimulated Brillouin scattering in gain fibers. In the DTDF-10/130 double-clad thulium-doped fiber, a continuous wave with power of 100 W and wavelength of 793 nm is used as a pump to amplify a continuous signal wave with wavelength of 2 µm and power of 0.01 W. The maximum output powers of the signal wave are 25.27 W, 31.08 W and 34.06 W when the pump power filling factors are 0.01, 0.02 and 0.03, respectively. The corresponding optimal double-clad fiber lengths are 2.66 m, 2.02 m and 1.75 m. Additionally, the Stokes optical powers generated by the stimulated Brillouin scattering are 1.68 W, 1.39 W and 1.14 W, respectively. The results show that the double-clad fiber with large pump power filling factor in the thulium-doped fiber amplifier can effectively reduce the fiber length, thus to minimize the influence of stimulated Brillouin scattering on the output power of the signal laser. The numerical model can optimize the fiber length of the fiber amplifier, which is of great significance to improve experimental efficiency and reduce experimental costs.
- stimulated brillouin scattering,
- double-clad,
- thulium-doped fiber,
- amplifier

FullText(HTML)

References(35)

References

[1]	YAO J Q, REN G J, ZHANG Q, et al. Ytterbium-doped double clad fiber laser and pump coupling technology[J]. Laser Journal, 2006, 27(5): 1-4. (in Chinese).
[2]	LIU W W, SONG F, LI J, et al. Cladding pumping upconversion fiber laser[J]. Laser Journal, 2000, 21(1): 10-12. (in Chinese). doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-2743.2000.01.001
[3]	LIU Q, YANG SH P, LEI J. Cladding pump fiber lasers and its application[J]. Optical Communication Technology, 2005, 29(6): 54-56. (in Chinese).
[4]	SNITZER E, PO H, HAKIMI F, et al. Double clad, offset core Nd fiber laser[C]. Optical Fiber Sensors 1988, Optica Publishing Group, 1988.
[5]	ZHANG H R, ZHANG J J, SUN SH ZH, et al. Self-mode-locking and self-phase modulation in Tm³⁺-doped double clad fiber laser for pulse peak power enhancement and multi-wavelength generation[J]. Optics & Laser Technology, 2021, 141: 107128.
[6]	DURÁN-SÁNCHEZ M, POSADA-RAMÍREZ B, ÁLVAREZ-TAMAYO R I, et al. Low repetition rate gain-switched double-clad thulium-doped fiber laser operating in the 2µm wavelength region[J]. Optical Fiber Technology, 2021, 66: 102660. doi: 10.1016/j.yofte.2021.102660
[7]	SHEN Y H, WU B, HU CH ZH, et al. Experimental investigation on the high average power ns mid-infrared laser output at 3.8μm through difference frequency generation[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2022, 49(1): 0101017. (in Chinese).
[8]	ZHONG P L, WANG L, YANG B L, et al. 2 × 2kW near-single-mode bidirectional high-power output from a single-cavity monolithic fiber laser[J]. Optics Letters, 2022, 47(11): 2806-2809. doi: 10.1364/OL.458581
[9]	HUANG ZH M, SHU Q, TAO R M, et al. >5kW record high power narrow linewidth laser from traditional step-index monolithic fiber amplifier[J]. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 2021, 33(21): 1181-1184. doi: 10.1109/LPT.2021.3112270
[10]	XU Y, SHENG Q, WANG P, et al. 1. 5-kW all-fiberized Yb-doped MOPA laser at 1105nm with near-diffraction-limited beam quality and narrow spectral width[J]. Optics Communications, 2022, 511: 127893.
[11]	ZHANG A J, DUAN J L, XING Y B, et al. Application of thulium-doped laser in the biomedicine field[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2022, 59(1): 0100004. (in Chinese).
[12]	CHEN Y L, ZHU X L, ZHANG J X, et al. Development of pulsed single-frequency 2μm all-solid-state laser[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2020, 57(5): 050006. (in Chinese).
[13]	SINGH U N, KAVAYA M, KOCH G, et al. Solid-state 2-micron laser transmitter advancement for wind and carbon dioxide measurements from ground, airborne, and space-based lidar systems[J]. Proceedings of SPIE, 2008, 7111: 711104. doi: 10.1117/12.802740
[14]	SINGH U N, WALSH B M, YU J R, et al. Twenty years of Tm: Ho: YLF and LuLiF laser development for global wind and carbon dioxide active remote sensing[J]. Optical Materials Express, 2015, 5(4): 827-837. doi: 10.1364/OME.5.000827
[15]	WULFMEYER V, RANDALL M, BREWER A, et al. 2-μm Doppler lidar transmitter with high frequency stability and low chirp[J]. Optics Letters, 2000, 25(17): 1228-1230. doi: 10.1364/OL.25.001228
[16]	ISHII S, MIZUTANI K, IWAI H, et al. 2-µm coherent lidar technology developed at NICT: past, current, and future[C]. Applications of Lasers for Sensing and Free Space Communications 2015, Optica Publishing Group, 2015.
[17]	WANG X F, WANG J, DUAN X Y. Experimental investigation on evolution of a split multi-wavelength bright-dark pulse in a mode-locked thulium-doped fiber laser[J]. Optoelectronics Letters, 2022, 18(12): 717-722. doi: 10.1007/s11801-022-2089-3
[18]	SONG W H, PENG ZH G, HOU Y B, et al. High-power wavelength-tunable ultrashort pulse firer laser at 2 μm[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2022, 34(3): 031002. (in Chinese).
[19]	YING G, FENG P Y, TING F, et al. Wavelength-interval-switchable multi-wavelength thulium-doped fiber laser with a nonlinear dual-pass Mach-Zehnder interferometer filter in 2-µm-band[J]. Optics & Laser Technology, 2022, 145: 107470.
[20]	GUAN B, YAN F P, YANG D D, et al. Sub-kHz narrow-linewidth single-longitudinal-mode thulium-doped fiber laser utilizing triple-coupler ring-based compound-cavity filter[J]. Photonics, 2023, 10(2): 209. doi: 10.3390/photonics10020209
[21]	YANG B L, YAGN H, YE Y, et al. 6 kW broadband fiber laser based on home-made ytterbium-doped fiber with gradually varying spindle-shape structure[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2022, 34(8): 081001. (in Chinese).
[22]	LIU CH, LIU J, ZHANG Y J, et al. Stimulated Brillouin scattering suppression of thulium-doped fiber amplifier with fiber superfluorescent seed source[J]. Optics Express, 2017, 25(9): 9569-9578. doi: 10.1364/OE.25.009569
[23]	KOVALEV V I, HARRISON R G, NILSSON J, et al. Analytic modeling of Brillouin gain in rare-earth doped fiber amplifiers with high-power single-frequency signals[J]. Proceedings of SPIE, 2005, 5709: 142-146. doi: 10.1117/12.591913
[24]	YANG L, ZHENG J J, HAO L Y, et al. Influence of signal spectral width characteristic on SBS threshold of single frequency fiber amplifier[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2017, 44(9): 0901009. (in Chinese). doi: 10.3788/CJL201744.0901009
[25]	LIU Y K, WANG X L, SU R T, et al. Effect of phase modulation on linewidth and stimulated Brillouin scattering threshold of narrow-linewidth fiber amplifiers[J]. Acta Physica Sinica, 2017, 66(23): 234203. (in Chinese). doi: 10.7498/aps.66.234203
[26]	HARISH A V, NILSSON J. Suppression of stimulated Brillouin scattering in pulsed erbium-doped fiber amplifier through intensity-modulated counter pumping[J]. Optical Engineering, 2019, 58(10): 102703.
[27]	HUANG B, WANG J Q, SHAO X P. Fiber-based techniques to suppress stimulated brillouin scattering[J]. Photonics, 2023, 10(3): 282. doi: 10.3390/photonics10030282
[28]	TIAN H, SHI CH D, FU SH J, et al. 0.59-mJ single-frequency Yb-³⁺-doped hundred-nanosecond pulsed all-fiber laser[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2022, 49(13): 1301005. (in Chinese). doi: 10.3788/CJL202249.1301005
[29]	全国通信标准化技术委员会. GB/T 28504.2-2021 掺稀土光纤第2部分: 双包层掺铥光纤特性[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2021. National Communications Standardization Technical Committee. GB/T 28504.2-2021 Rare earth doped optical fibre—Part 2: Characteristics of double-cladding thulium-doped optical fibre[S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China, 2021. (in Chinese).
[30]	LIU Q M, CHEN J P, HOU SH L, et al. Investigation into micro-polishing photonic crystal fibers for surface plasmon resonance sensing[J]. Crystals, 2022, 12(8): 1106. doi: 10.3390/cryst12081106
[31]	GILES C R, DESURVIRE E. Modeling erbium-doped fiber amplifiers[J]. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 1991, 9(2): 271-283. doi: 10.1109/50.65886
[32]	HUANG L J, YAO T F, YANG B H, et al. Modified single trench fiber with effective single-mode operation for high-power application[J]. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, 2018, 24(3): 0901409.
[33]	JACKSON S D, KING T A. Theoretical modeling of Tm-doped silica fiber lasers[J]. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 1999, 17(5): 948-956. doi: 10.1109/50.762916
[34]	SHEN X, ZHOU J H, YANG G L, et al. Temperature characteristics analysis of a Tm³⁺-doped heterogeneous helical cladding fiber amplifier[J]. Applied Physics B, 2022, 128(12): 221. doi: 10.1007/s00340-022-07936-2
[35]	FANG Q, SHI W, KIEU K, et al. High power and high energy monolithic single frequency 2 µm nanosecond pulsed fiber laser by using large core Tm³⁺-doped germanate fibers: experiment and modeling[J]. Optics Express, 2012, 20(15): 16410-16420. doi: 10.1364/OE.20.016410