星上剩磁对惯性传感器的影响

柴国志; 黄亮; 乔亮; 张冠茂

doi:10.3788/CO.20191203.0515

星上剩磁对惯性传感器的影响

doi: 10.3788/CO.20191203.0515

柴国志^{1, 2, ,},
黄亮^{1, 2,},
乔亮^{1, 2,},
张冠茂^{1, 3,}

1.
兰州大学引力研究中心, 甘肃兰州 730000
2.
兰州大学磁学与磁性材料教育部重点实验室, 物理科学与技术学院, 甘肃兰州 730000
3.
兰州大学信息科学与工程学院, 甘肃兰州 730000

基金项目:

中央高校基本科研业务费 lzujbky-2018-k11

详细信息

作者简介:
柴国志(1984-), 男, 河北邢台人, 副教授, 2006年、2012年于兰州大学分别获得物理学学士学位和凝聚态物理博士学位, 主要从事高频磁性材料、布里渊光散射和基于高频动力学的磁传感方面的研究。E-mail:chaigzh@lzu.edu.cn

黄亮(1980—)，男，河北保定人，教授，2002年、2005年于兰州大学分别获得物理学学士和理论物理硕士学位，2008年于亚利桑那州立大学获得电子工程系博士学位，主要从事统计物理与复杂系统方面的研究。E-mail：huangl@lzu.edu.cn

乔亮(1981—)，男，湖南岳阳人，副教授，2004年、2009年于兰州大学分别获得物理学学士和理论物理博士学位，主要从事磁模拟仿真、新型软磁吸波材料和磁屏蔽方面的研究。E-mail：qiaoliang@lzu.edu.cn

张冠茂(1973—)，男，甘肃正宁人，博士，副教授，1995年、1998年于兰州大学分别获得电子与信息科学系无线电物理专业理学学士和理学硕士学位，2007年于兰州大学信息科学与工程学院获得无线电物理专业理学博士学位，主要从事微纳光器件设计与应用及信息与通信电路设计方面的研究。E-mail：zhanggm@lzu.edu.cn

中图分类号: TP394.1;TH691.9
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-04-20
- 修回日期: 2019-05-07
- 刊出日期: 2019-06-01

Effect of the on-board residual magnetism on inertial sensors

CHAI Guo-zhi^{1, 2
, ,},
HUANG Liang^{1, 2
,},
QIAO Liang^{1, 2
,},
ZHANG Guan-mao^{1, 3
,}

1.
Research Center of Gravitation, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
2.
Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of the Ministry of Education, School of Physical Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
3.
School of Information Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China

Funds:

the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities lzujbky-2018-k11

More Information

Corresponding author: CHAI Guo-zhi, E-mail:chaigzh@lzu.edu.cn

摘要

摘要: 空间引力波探测对剩余加速度的要求极高，达到了10^-15 ms^-2Hz^-1/2量级，然而在空间引力波探测时，惯性传感器所在位置的环境磁场会带来磁场力和洛伦兹力。为保证引力波的正常探测，必须将环境磁场及磁场梯度控制在一定范围内。本文主要针对星上剩磁对惯性传感器的影响，从星际磁场、卫星部件剩磁和时变磁场探测等几个方面探讨了剩磁与加速度之间的关系，也对卫星磁场源模拟以及磁场探测方法进行了讨论。结果表明，通过对磁场源位置和方向进行优化可以降低直流剩磁，通过弱磁探测装置对星际磁场和时变磁场进行实时监控以排除磁场噪声影响，对于得到高精度的引力波探测数据是必不可少的。本文研究说明实施星上剩磁对惯性传感器的影响分析是有必要的，并且可以发展一套卫星平台剩磁评估方案和弱磁探测方法。
- 空间引力波探测 /
- 卫星平台磁仿真 /
- 弱磁环境监测
Abstract: The requirement of space gravitational wave detection on residual acceleration is extremely high(10^-15 ms^-2Hz^-1/2), and the environmental magnetic field will cause magnetic force and Lorentz force. To ensure the accurately detection of gravitational wave, the environmental magnetic field and its gradient must be controlled within a low range. In this paper, we mainly research the effect of the on-board residual magnetism on internal sensors. Then, the relationship between residual magnetism and acceleration is explored from the aspects of interstellar magnetic field, residual magnetism of satellite components and time-varying magnetic field detection. Moreover, the simulation and detection of magnetic field are discussed. The results show that the remanence magnetic field can be reduced by optimizing the location and the orientation of the magnetic source. It is necessary to control magnetic field noise by real-time monitoring of interstellar magnetic field and time-varying magnetic field by adopting weak magnetic detection device for obtaining high-precision gravitational wave detection data. It can be concluded that it's necessary to analyze the influence of on-board residual magnetism on the inertial sensors, and the magnetic field evaluation schemes and weak magnetic detection methods for satellite platform should be developed.
- space gravitational wave detection /
- magnetic simulation of satellite platform /
- weak magnetic environment monitoring

HTML全文

图 1 左：Billingsley公司生产TFM100G4型三轴磁通门传感器照片，中图和右图分别为磁通门传感器的几何尺寸和示意图^[21]

Figure 1. Left picture:billingsley tri-axial fluxgate magnetometer selected for LISA Pathfinder. Center and right: mechanical drawing and schematic of the inner sensor heads(X, Y and Z axis)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 LISA-Pathfinder检验质量基本参数^[12]

Table 1. Basic parameters of TM of LISA-Pathfinder

参数	数值
质量(m)/kg	1.96
边长(L)/m	0.046
面积(A)/m²	2.12×10^-4
体积(V)/m³	9.73×10^-5
电导率(σ₀)/m^-1Ω^-1	3.33×10⁶
磁化率(χ₀)	2.5×10^-5
虚部磁化率(δ_χ)	3×10^-7
剩余磁矩(m_r)/A·m²	2×10^-8
磁化率频率因子(τ_e)/s	1/(2π630)
电荷数(q₀)	1×10⁷

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 LISA-Pathfinder任务中各磁场源数值^[12]

Table 2. Magnetic sources of LISA-Pathfinder mission

参数	数值
卫星直流磁场分量/nT	144
星际直流磁场分量/nT	10
卫星磁场波动/nTHz^-1/2	21
星际磁场波动/nTHz^-1/2	55
卫星磁场梯度/nT m^-1	11 500
星际磁场梯度	0
卫星磁场梯度波动/nT m^-1 Hz^-1/2	39

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 各类磁场噪声源对加速度噪声贡献^[12]

Table 3. Contribution of various types of noise sources to the total acceleration noise

参数	加速度噪声(m s^-2 Hz^-1/2)
卫星磁场波动	0.680×10^-15
星际磁场波动	1.701×10^-15
卫星磁场梯度	1.097×10^-15
交流磁场贡献	1.265×10^-15
洛伦兹力贡献	0.013×10^-15
总计	2.775×10^-15

下载: 导出CSV

表 4 可能用于空间弱磁场探测小型磁传感器

Table 4. Small magnetic sensors which can possibly be used for space weak magnetic field detection

传感器	量程/μT	噪声密度/[nT·Hz^-1/2]@1 Hz	精度/(V·mT^-1)	尺寸/(mm×mm×mm)
PCB-FG	50	0.02	120	33.5×15.6×0.9 ^[28]
MicroFG	900	2.48	1.089	4.65×5.04^[29]
AMR	200	0.18	0.160	4×11.3×1.7^[25]
GMR	150	3	0.036	6×4.9×1.37^[23]
TMR	2 600	3.8	0.164	35×3×0.75^[30]
GMI	100	0.035	100	22.5×3^[26]
MI	17	0.003	68	10×0.8×0.5^[27]
CSAM	20	0.005	2.4	1.7×3.3×4.5^[31]

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