LAMOST高分辨率光谱仪研制

张天一; 朱永田; 侯永辉; 张凯; 胡中文; 王磊; 陈忆; 姜海娇; 汤振; 许明明; 姜明达

doi:10.3788/CO.20191201.0148

LAMOST高分辨率光谱仪研制

doi: 10.3788/CO.20191201.0148

cstr: 32171.14.CO.20191201.0148

张天一^{1, 2, 3, ,},
朱永田^{1, 2, 3,},
侯永辉^{1, 2, 3},
张凯^{1, 2},
胡中文^{1, 2},
王磊^{1, 2},
陈忆^{1, 2},
姜海娇^{1, 2},
汤振^{1, 2},
许明明^{1, 2},
姜明达^{1, 2}

1.
中国科学院国家天文台南京天文光学技术研究所, 南京 210042
2.
中国科学院天文光学技术重点实验室, 南京 210042
3.
中国科学院大学, 北京 100049

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 11473049

国家自然科学基金项目 11473048

国家自然科学基金项目 11603056

详细信息

作者简介:
张天一(1989-), 男, 吉林长春人, 博士研究生, 2011年于长春理工大学获得学士学位, 2015年于中国科学院大学获得硕士学位, 主要从事望远镜终端仪器光学设计及杂散光分析方面的研究。E-mail:tyzhang@niaot.ac.cn

朱永田(1964—)，男，吉林长春人，硕士，研究员，博士生导师，1986年于长春理工大学获得学士学位，1989年于中国科学院紫金山天文台获得硕士学位，主要从事天文光谱和高分辨率成像技术、太阳系外行星探测技术等方面的研究。E-mail:ytzhu@niaot.ac.cn

中图分类号: O439;TB133
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-04-03
- 修回日期: 2018-04-26
- 刊出日期: 2019-02-01

Construction of a LAMOST high resolution spectrograph

ZHANG Tian-yi^{1, 2, 3
, ,},
ZHU Yong-tian^{1, 2, 3
,},
HOU Yong-hui^{1, 2, 3},
ZHANG Kai^{1, 2},
HU Zhong-wen^{1, 2},
WANG Lei^{1, 2},
CHEN Yi^{1, 2},
JIANG Hai-jiao^{1, 2},
TANG Zhen^{1, 2},
XU Ming-ming^{1, 2},
JIANG Ming-da^{1, 2}

1.
National Astronomical Observatories/Nanjing Institute of Astronomical Optics & Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210042, China
2.
Key Laboratory of Astronomical Optics & Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210042, China
3.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Funds:

National Natural Science Foundation of China 11473049

National Natural Science Foundation of China 11473048

National Natural Science Foundation of China 11603056

More Information

Corresponding author: ZHANG Tian-yi, E-mail:tyzhang@niaot.ac.cn

摘要

摘要: 为了充分利用LAMOST望远镜，实现对银河系不同星族的分布与整体性研究，以及极端贫金属星元素丰度测定等科学目标，研制了LAMOST高分辨率光谱仪，光谱分辨率R ≥ 30 000，光谱覆盖范围380~740 nm。在充分考虑台址因素与现有条件后，采用中继倍率0.7倍的准白瞳设计方案，使用大芯径光纤、拼接大光栅、棱栅组合式横向色散器、缝前像切分器等措施来满足性能要求。进行了效率估算与杂散光分析，光谱仪本体效率峰值大于30%，杂散光照度占CCD总照度的2.55%，信噪比为16.01 dB。试运行阶段实测了太阳光谱，温度稳定性达到±0.03℃，光谱仪效率峰值约为33.5%，满足稳定、高效的运行要求。
- 光谱仪 /
- 分辨率 /
- 通光效率 /
- 杂散光
Abstract: In order to make full use of the LAMOST telescope, as well as to achieve scientific goals such as the distribution and integrity of different stellar populations in the galaxy or the measurement of elemental abundance in extremely metal-poor stars, a LAMOST high-resolution spectrometer was developed with a spectral resolution of R ≥ 30 000 and spectral coverage range of 380-740 nm. After fully considering the factors of the site and its existing conditions, a quasi-white pupil design scheme with a repeater magnification of 0.7×was applied, using a large-core fiber, a large-diameter tiled-grating, a prism-grating disperser, and an image slicer to meet the perfermence requirment. Efficiency estimation and stray light analysis were performed. The peak efficiency of the spectrograph was more than 30%, the stray light illumination accounted for 2.55% of the total CCD illumination and the signal-to-noise ratio was 16.01dB. The solar spectrum was measured during the trial run with a temperature stability of±0.03℃ and a peak efficiency of approximately 33.5%, thus meeting requirements for stable and efficient operation.
- spectrograph /
- resolution /
- light efficiency /
- stray light

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图 1 光谱分辨能力R×Φ曲线

Figure 1. Curve of spectral resolution R×Φ

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图 2 各级次的自由光谱范围

Figure 2. Free spectral range of all levels

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图 3 级次间隔分布曲线

Figure 3. Curves of linear interval of order

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图 4 缝前单元系统组成示意图

Figure 4. Composition of the unit before slit

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图 5 像切分效果示意图

Figure 5. Simulation of image segmentation

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图 6 定标灯单元光学系统

Figure 6. Optical system of calibrating light unit

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图 7 光谱仪本体光学方案和三维模型

Figure 7. Optical design and 3D model of spectrograph body

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图 8 光谱仪本体效率估算曲线

Figure 8. Estimate of the efficiency of spectrograph body

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图 9 Aeroglaze Z306 BSDF绘图

Figure 9. BSDF scatter plot: Aeroglaze Z306

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图 10 颗粒散射BSDF绘图

Figure 10. BSDF scatter plot: IEST-STD-CC1246D

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图 11 LAMOST-HRS太阳光谱(左图)与美国NOAO太阳光谱对比(右图)

Figure 11. Comparison between the LAMOST-HRS solar spectrum (left) and the American NOAO solar spectrum(right)

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图 12 单夜温度稳定性测试结果

Figure 12. Test results of temperature stability in single night

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图 13 光谱仪本体光效率测试结果(蓝色为理论曲线；红色为测试值)

Figure 13. Light efficiency test results of spectrograph body(blue is the theoretical curve; red is the test value)

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表 1 LAMOST-HRS主要技术指标

Table 1. Main specifications of LAMOST-HRS

项目	参数
光谱分辨率	无限缝下R≥30 000
波长覆盖范围/nm	380~740
狭缝对天空张角/(″)	2.25
准直光束口径/mm	205
中继倍率	0.7×
相机焦比	F/2
阶梯光栅刻线密度/(lp·mm^-1)	41.6
横向色散器刻线密度/(lp·mm^-1)	500
光效率峰值	＞30%

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表 2 预估杂散光背景

Table 2. Estimate of background of stray light

	鬼像		散射
级次	1级	2级	1级	2级
机械结构	0%	0%	0%	0.01%
光学面	0.07%	0.13%	2.49%	0.04%

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表 3 杂散光分析结果

Table 3. Results of stray light analysis

项目	结果
CCD面总照度	3.15E-01
平均照度	5.75E-05
标准差	1.06E-03
杂散光照度	0.79E-02
信噪比	16.01 dB
CCD面杂散光百分比	2.55%

下载: 导出CSV

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