Research on temperature field in the vapor cell of nuclear magnetic resonance gyroscope
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摘要: 为研究核磁共振陀螺中加热机构对原子气室性能的影响，设计了5种典型加热方式。利用有限元分析软件ANSYS建立了原子气室的温度场模型，给出了原子气室表面的稳态温度场分布情况。同时设计了探测精度为0.01℃的测温电路，对原子气室表面不同位置的温度进行监控，获得了不同加热方式下原子气室表面的温度变化情况。将仿真和实验结果进行比较，发现误差在5%之内，验证了仿真模型的正确性。综合仿真和实验结果比较了不同加热方式下原子气室表面温度分布情况，获得了能够使原子气室表面温度分布最均匀的加热方式。Abstract: In order to study the influences of the heating mechanism on the vapor cell of the nuclear magnetic resonance gyroscope(NMRG), several different heating methods are designed to heat the vapor cell. The finite element analysis software ANSYS is used to establish a temperature field model of the vapor cell, afterwards the model is simplified and finally the steady-state temperature field of the surface is given. Meanwhile, a temperature measurement circuit with the precision of 0.01℃ is made to detect the temperature of different places on the surface of the vapor cell, thus getting the changes of the surface temperature of different methods. The experimental results are compared with the simulation results, and the calculation error turns out to be less than 5%, which verifies the validity of the temperature model. Based on both of the experimental and simulation results, and after comparison of temperature field of the vapor cell surface through different heating methods, the best heating method is given, which can makes the most uniform temperature field of the vapor cell surface.
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图 3 加热方式1下原子气室表面稳态温度场
Figure 3. Temperature field of the surface of atom vapor cell under heating method 1
图 4 加热方式2下原子气室表面稳态温度场
Figure 4. Temperature field of the surface of atom vapor cell under heating method 2
图 5 加热方式3下原子气室表面稳态温度场
Figure 5. Temperature field of the surface of atom vapor cell under heating method 3
图 6 加热方式4下原子气室表面稳态温度场
Figure 6. Temperature field of the surface of atom vapor cell under heating method 4
图 7 加热方式5下原子气室表面稳态温度场
Figure 7. Temperature field of the surface of atom vapor cell under heating method 5
表 1 材料热参数
Table 1. Thermal parameters of 4 different materials
材料 热导率(W/m·K) 聚四氟乙烯 0.25 云母 0.71 pyrex 1.2 氮气 0.02 
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表 2 不同加热方式下单个加热片的热生成率
Table 2. Heat production rate of a single heating film under different heating methods
加热方式 加热电流/A 等效功率/W 热生成率×107/(W·m-3) 1 1.20 33.12 4.48 2 0.85 16.61 2.24 3 0.60 8.31 1.12 4 0.60 8.31 1.12 5 0.49 5.52 0.75
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表 3 各加热方式下各测温点仿真和实验结果
Table 3. Simulation and experimental results of every detecting points under different heating methods
加热方式 1 2 3 4 5 测温点1/℃ 仿真值 156.13 114.16 117.07 114.40 114.17 实验值 158.36 116.02 121.38 117.78 110.44 测温点2/℃ 仿真值 123.59 115.89 115.46 115.26 112.41 实验值 130.10 115.42 119.71 120.04 107.56 测温点3/℃ 仿真值 98.39 114.54 120.23 123.18 121.00 实验值 102.63 111.80 125.58 129.11 115.54 最大相对误差/% 5.00 2.45 4.26 4.59 4.73
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表 4 各加热方式下原子气室表面温度(单位：/℃)
Table 4. Surface temperature of atom vapor cell under different heating methods(Unit:/℃)
加热方式 最高温度 最低温度 最大温差 1 164.26 92.57 71.69 2 132.11 111.92 20.19 3 127.18 113.38 13.80 4 136.25 113.66 22.59 5 126.88 112.26 14.62
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