具有高防冰性能的飞秒激光加工无涂层超疏水金属表面

崔霖坤; 闫丹丹; 邹婷婷; 许家沛; 张博; 李林; 张昊; 徐彩雪; 杨建军

doi:10.37188/CO.EN-2025-0013

具有高防冰性能的飞秒激光加工无涂层超疏水金属表面

崔霖坤^{1, 2,},
闫丹丹^{1, 2},
邹婷婷^1, ,,
许家沛^{1, 2},
张博^{1, 2},
李林^{1, 2},
张昊^{1, 2},
徐彩雪^{1, 2},
杨建军^1, ,

1.
中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所微纳光子学与材料国际实验室, 吉林长春 130033
2.
中国科学院大学, 北京 100049

详细信息

中图分类号: TN249;TG178
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-02-28
- 录用日期: 2025-04-02
- 网络出版日期: 2025-07-01

High anti-icing performance of coating-free superhydrophobic metal surfaces via femtosecond laser processing

doi: 10.37188/CO.EN-2025-0013

CUI Lin-kun^{1, 2
,},
YAN Dan-dan^{1, 2},
ZOU Tingting^{1
, ,},
XU Jia-pei^{1, 2},
ZHANG Bo^{1, 2},
LI Lin^{1, 2},
ZHANG Hao^{1, 2},
XU Cai-xue^{1, 2},
YANG Jian-jun^{1
, ,}

1.
GPL Photonics Laboratory, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
2.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

Funds: This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 12204477); the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. XDA22010302)

More Information

Author Bio:
CUI Lin-kun (2000—), male, born in Jilin, master degree candidate. Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. His research direction is femtosecond laser processing technology for anti-icing field. E-mail: cuilinkun22@mails.ucas.ac.cn

ZOU Ting-ting (1993—), female, born in Jilin, Ph.D., assistant Professor. Dr.Zou received her Ph.D. degree from Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences in 2021. Her research area is the investigation of material surface-interface properties by femtosecond laser processing. E-mail: zoutingting@ciomp.ac.cn

YANG Jian-jun (1970—), male, born in Henan, Ph.D., Professor. Dr.Yang received his Ph.D. degree from Xi'an Institute of Optical Precision and Mechanical Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1999. He is involved in research on femtosecond laser processing and its interactions with matter, including the micro and nano-structures fabrication on material surfaces, and the surface property control for applications. E-mail: jjyang@ciomp.ac.cn

Corresponding author: zoutingting@ciomp.ac.cn; jjyang@ciomp.ac.cn

摘要

摘要:
超疏水表面作为一种有效的被动防冰方法，可以减少低温环境下金属表面的结冰。然而，由于其通常采用的有机物修饰在恶劣环境下易老化，从而导致防冰性能下降或完全失效等严重问题。本文采用飞秒激光掺杂制备微结构方法在对铝合金表面进行微观形貌和化学成分的同时改变，实现材料表面无有机涂层的超疏水防冰效果。与未加工铝合金和传统氟硅烷改性的铝合金表面相比较，激光掺杂加工后的铝合金表面具有较低的热导率和仿生蚁丘群结构，使得其具有良好的延迟结冰时间（803.3 s）和较低的冰附着力（16 μN）。此外，这种本征超疏水金属表面在防冰性能方面也表现出优异的环境耐久性。这些研究结果证实了我们获得的无有机涂层超疏水样品在防结冰方面的有效性。
- 无机超疏水 /
- 防结冰 /
- 铝合金 /
- 飞秒激光
Abstract:
As an efficient passive anti-icing method, the superhydrophobic surface can reduce icing process on metals in low temperatures. However, the usual organic low-surface-energy decorations are often prone to age especially in harsh environments, leading to a decrease or complete failure of the anti-icing performance. Here, we adopt a method of femtosecond laser microstructuring to achieve inorganic superhydrophobic aluminum alloys through simultaneously modifying the surface profile and compositions. The obtained bionic anthill tribe structure with the low thermal conductivity, exhibits the superior delayed freezing time (803.3 s) and the low ice adhesion (16 μN) in comparison to the fluorosilane modified and bare Al surfaces. Moreover, such an inherently superhydrophobic metal surface also shows the exceptional environmental durability in anti-icing performance, which confirms the effectiveness of our superhydrophobic surface without the need for organic coatings.
- inorganic superhydrophobic /
- anti-icing /
- Al alloys /
- femtosecond laser

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Figure 1. Characterizations of the surface profile and chemical compositions on the FLEM sample. (a) Schematic diagram of the FLEM method. (b) Top-view SEM images of the surface morphology. (c) Cross-sectional SEM images of the structure (i) and the corresponding local area (ii). (d) EDX images of the cross-sectional area of the structure. (e) GIXRD spectra for the bare Al and the FLEM sample.

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Figure 2. Characterizations of the superhydrophobic and anti-icing performance of different samples (indoor conditions). (a) Measured contact angle (CA) and sliding angle (SA) for three different surfaces. (b) Time-evolution of the droplet volume on the FLEM and FMFP surfaces during the evaporation experiment. Measured CA (c) and CD(d) variations with the water droplet volume. (e) Measured heat transfer efficiencies of the FMFP and FLEM samples placed on a Peltier cooling plate.

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Figure 3. Measured anti-icing performances and underlying mechanisms for the FLEM and FMFP surfaces. (a) The whole droplet icing process on the bare Al, FMFP and FLEM surfaces. (b) The measured dependence of delayed icing time t₀ on the ambient temperature T_am for three different surfaces_. (c) The measured adhesion force of ice droplet on these surfaces at the ambient temperature of T_am = −15 °C. (d) Proposed scenarios for the anti-icing process on the FLEM and FMFP surfaces.

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Figure 4. Outdoor anti-icing performance of different samples. (a) Freezing process of a water droplet on different surfaces in the outdoor winter environment. (b) Measured icing time delay for three different samples as a function of the exposing days with variable weather conditions. (c) Available delayed icing ratios of the FLEM and FMFP samples to the bare surface. (d) Microscopic examination of the surface morphology on the FLEM surface after 30 days of the outdoor environment exposure.

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