基于Nb<sub>4</sub>AlC<sub>3</sub>可饱和吸收体的超快掺铒光纤激光器

刘晓娟; 张美霞; 刘天润; 吕文豪; 鲁成

doi:10.37188/CO.EN-2024-0032

基于Nb₄AlC₃可饱和吸收体的超快掺铒光纤激光器

山东理工大学物理与光电工程学院, 山东省淄博市, 255049

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中图分类号: TN248
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-10-15
- 录用日期: 2024-12-10
- 网络出版日期: 2025-01-03

Ultrafast erbium-doped fiber laser modulated by Nb₄AlC₃ saturable absorber

doi: 10.37188/CO.EN-2024-0032

Shandong University of Technology, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Zibo, Shandong 255049, P.R. China

Funds: Supported by the Shandong University of Technology and Zibo City Integration Development Project (No. 2019ZBXC120).

More Information

Author Bio:
LIU Xiao-juan (1976—), Dr. Ing., Professor, Shandong University of Technology, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering. Main research interests: fiber lasers, fiber amplifiers, ultrafast lasers, and microwave photonic filters. E-mail: liuxiaojuansd@163.com

LU Cheng (1990—), Dr. Ing., Shandong University of Technology, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering. Main research interests: novel low-dimensional material, ultrafast photonic devices, and near-infrared single-mode laser technology. E-mail: luchengcg@163.com

Corresponding author: liuxiaojuansd@163.com; luchengcg@163.com

摘要

摘要:
本文采用MAX相（MAX-PM）材料Nb₄AlC₃作为可饱和吸收体（SA），实现了传统孤子（CS）锁模掺铒光纤（EDF）激光器。首先，利用液相剥离（LPE）法制备了Nb₄AlC₃纳米片，然后采用拉锥光纤制作了Nb₄AlC₃-SA。该Nb₄AlC₃可饱和吸收体的饱和强度和调制深度分别为2.02 MW/cm²和1.88%。基于所制备的Nb₄AlC₃可饱和吸收体，实现了传统孤子锁模掺铒光纤激光器。该激光器的中心波长、脉冲持续时间和脉冲重复率分别为1565.65 nm、615.37 fs和24.63 MHz。该锁模激光器性能优越，特别是在脉冲持续时间方面表现优异。据我们所知，这是首次将Nb₄AlC₃材料用作可饱和吸收体实现超快脉冲光纤激光器的报道。本研究充分证实Nb₄AlC₃具有优异的非线性可饱和吸收特性，同时也为空间稳定型超快光子器件的深入研究拓宽了途径。
- 传统孤子 (CS) /
- Nb₄AlC₃ /
- 掺铒光纤 (EDF) 激光器 /
- 可饱和吸收体 (SA)
Abstract:
In this paper, a conventional soliton (CS) mode-locked erbium-doped fiber (EDF) laser was realized using MAX phase material (MAX-PM) Nb₄AlC₃ as a saturable absorber (SA). First, the liquid phase exfoliation (LPE) method was utilized to prepare Nb₄AlC₃ nanosheets, and then a piece of tapered fiber was adopted to fabricate Nb₄AlC₃-SA. It was found that the saturation intensity and modulation depth of the Nb₄AlC₃-SA are 2.02 MW/cm² and 1.88 %. Based on the Nb₄AlC₃-SA, a conventional soliton (CS) mode-locked EDF laser was achieved. The central wavelength, pulse duration, and pulse repetition rate were found to be 1565.65 nm, 615.37 fs, and 24.63 MHz, respectively. The performance is competitive and particularly superior in terms of pulse duration. To the researchers’ knowledge, this is the first report of Nb₄AlC₃ material used as a modulator for ultrafast pulse generation. This study fully confirms that Nb₄AlC₃ possesses marvellous nonlinear saturable absorption properties and opens new possibilities for further research on air-stable ultrafast photonic devices.
- conventional soliton (CS) /
- Nb₄AlC₃ /
- erbium-doped fiber (EDF) laser /
- saturable absorber (SA)

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Figure 1. Properties of the Nb₄AlC₃ nanosheets (a) SEM image (b) TEM image (c) XRD pattern (d) Raman spectrum

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Figure 2. (a) Balanced twin-detector for measuring saturable absorption properties (b) Nb₄AlC₃-SA’s nonlinear saturable absorption property

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Figure 3. Linear transmittance of the fabricated tapered-fiber-structured Nb₄AlC₃-SA

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Figure 4. Experimental setup of a mode-locked EDF laser based on Nb₄AlC₃-SA

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Figure 5. Conventional soliton (CS) operation (a) Spectrum (b) Pulse trains (c) RF spectrum (d) Autocorrelation trace

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Figure 6. (a) Output power and pulse energy vs. pump power (b) The laser system’s long-term stability

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Table 1. - Comparison of EDF lasers mode locked by various MAX-PM-based SAs.

SAs	Modulation depth ( ∆T) (%)	Repetition rate ( f) (MHz)	3 dB bandwidth (Δλ) (nm)	Pulse duration (Δt) (ps)	SNR (dB)	Output power (mW)	Refs
Ti₂CT_x	15.7	8.25	3.4	5.3	62	6.95	[43]
Ti₃C₂T_x	0.96	218.36	3.51	0.85	36	~ 1	[44]
V₂CT_x	3.1	1010.0	3.1	0.94	55	~ 25	[45]
Ti₃AlC₂	2	1.89	0.7	3.68	52.3	15.38	[46]
Ti₂AlC	2.21	16.7	3.8	0.68	64.6	2.7	[47]
V₂AlC	18	14.98	3.4	0.85	58	3.95	[48]
Nb₂AlC	2.62	58.6	0.2	5.8	58	2.07	[49]
Nb₄AlC₃	1.88	24.63	7.78	0.615	56.2	6.45	Our work

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