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摘要:
激光光束质量是衡量激光器应用性能的重要指标之一，面向远距离光电对抗应用场景，本文开展了非链式脉冲氟化氘（DF）激光器非稳腔设计和光束质量提升技术研究。设计了三组不同放大倍率的正分支虚共焦非稳腔，搭建了凸面腔镜横向和轴向两种支撑结构的非稳腔实验装置，其中横向支撑结构内置循环水冷却通道。以86.5%环围能量定义激光光斑大小，选用
β 因子评价激光光束质量，比较两种支撑方式下的输出能量和光束质量。研究发现：相同条件下，轴向支撑结构的非稳腔输出能量较横向支撑结构高6%，但远场发散角较横向支撑大9%。水冷横向支撑结构虽有能量遮挡，但其较好的热稳定性显著提升了激光光束质量。在M=2.25的横向支撑内腔式非稳腔条件下获得光束质量因子β =1.83发散角θ 0.865=0.63 mrad的激光光束，该条件下的激光单脉冲能量为2.34 J，激光脉宽88.2 ns，峰值功率达到26.5 MW。Abstract:Laser beam quality is one of the key indicators considered when measuring the performance of laser applications. To meet the application requirements of long-distance optoelectronic countermeasures, this paper researches the design of unstable resonators and beam quality improvement techniques for non-chain DF lasers. Three sets of positive branch confocal unstable resonators with different magnifications are designed. An experimental setup for an unstable inner cavity resonator is constructed with two convex mirror structures: transverse support and longitudinal support. The transverse support structure is equipped with a circulating water-cooling channel. Using 86.5% surrounding energy to define laser beam diameter, the laser beam quality is evaluated with beam quality factor β, and the energy and beam divergence for two support types of convex mirrors are compared. Research has found that, under the same conditions, the laser energy of unstable resonators with longitudinal support is 6% higher than that of the transverse support structure. Still, the far-field divergence angle is 9% larger than that of the transverse support structure. Although the water-cooled transverse support structure has energy shielding, its high thermal stability significantly improves the quality of the laser beam. A beam divergence of θ0.865 = 0.63 mrad with beam quality factor β=1.83 is obtained at M=2.25 with a transverse support unstable resonator. The laser energy under this condition is 2.34 J, the laser pulse width is 88.2 ns, and the peak power reaches 26.5 MW.
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Key words:
- DF laser /
- inner cavity /
- positive branch confocal unstable resonator /
- beam quality
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图 1 正分支虚共焦腔原理图
Figure 1. Schematic diagram of positive branch confocal unstable resonator
图 3 凸镜安装结构示意图。（a）轴向支撑结构；（b）横向支撑结构
Figure 3. Schematic diagram of convex mirror installation structures. (a) longitudinal support structure; (b) transverse support structure
图 4 两种支撑结构下的激光近场能量对比图
Figure 4. Near field laser energy under two different supporting structures
图 5 激光近场光斑照片。（a）轴向支撑结构光斑；（b）横向支撑结构光斑。
Figure 5. Near field laser spots for (a) longitudinal support structure; (b) transverse support structure.
图 6 不同放大倍率下的远场光束发散角
Figure 6. Far field divergence angle under different magnifications
表 1 非稳腔结构参数
Table 1. Structural parameters of the unstable resonator
M R1/ mm R2/ mm D /mm d /mm L/mm 1.65 10727.5 −6501.5 50 30.2 2113 1.85 9197.8 −4971.9 50 26.9 2113 2.25 7606.8 −3380.8 50 22.2 2113 
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表 2 不同放大率下的理论发散角
Table 2. Therotical divergence angles for different M
M 1.65 1.85 2.25 θ/ mrad 0.4931 0.4544 0.3451
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表 3 光束质量因子β数据
Table 3. Beam quality factor β data
M β transverse support longitudinal support 1.65 2.05 2.25 1.85 1.98 2.18 2.25 1.83 2.00
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