留言板

尊敬的读者、作者、审稿人, 关于本刊的投稿、审稿、编辑和出版的任何问题, 您可以本页添加留言。我们将尽快给您答复。谢谢您的支持!

姓名
邮箱
手机号码
标题
留言内容
验证码

基于液晶光波导的电控偏振旋转器

查正桃 张谦述

查正桃, 张谦述. 基于液晶光波导的电控偏振旋转器[J]. 中国光学(中英文), 2022, 15(3): 552-561. doi: 10.37188/CO.2021-0213
引用本文: 查正桃, 张谦述. 基于液晶光波导的电控偏振旋转器[J]. 中国光学(中英文), 2022, 15(3): 552-561. doi: 10.37188/CO.2021-0213
ZHA Zheng-tao, ZHANG Qian-shu. Electrically controlled polarization rotator based on liquid crystal optical waveguide[J]. Chinese Optics, 2022, 15(3): 552-561. doi: 10.37188/CO.2021-0213
Citation: ZHA Zheng-tao, ZHANG Qian-shu. Electrically controlled polarization rotator based on liquid crystal optical waveguide[J]. Chinese Optics, 2022, 15(3): 552-561. doi: 10.37188/CO.2021-0213

基于液晶光波导的电控偏振旋转器

doi: 10.37188/CO.2021-0213
基金项目: 四川省科技厅科研基金(No. 2014JY0024) ;南充市科技局科研基金(No. 19YFZJ0090);西华师范大学英才科研基金(No. 17YC056)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    查正桃(1997—),男,四川自贡人,2020年于西华师范大学获工学学士学位,在读硕士研究生,主要从事波导光学的理论与技术的研究。E-mail: zaktao@sina.cn

    张谦述(1974—),男,四川自贡人,2010年于电子科技大学获光学工学博士学位,副教授,主要从事光通信与集成光学、微波光子学、集成光波导器件的理论与技术等方面的研究。E-mail: jackyzhang@cwnu.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: TN252; O753+.2

Electrically controlled polarization rotator based on liquid crystal optical waveguide

Funds: Supported by the Scientific Research Foundation of the Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province, China (No. 2014JY0024); the Scientific Research Foundation of the Science and Technology Bureau of Nanchong, China (No. 19YFZJ0090); the Talent Scientific Research Foundation of China West Normal University Foundation, China (No. 17YC056)
More Information
  • 摘要: 为了更准确地分析基于液晶光波导的电控偏振旋转器的偏振转换长度和偏振转换效率,研究了向列相液晶场致重新取向的渐变特性。首先,根据液晶磁场耦合方程组得出的本征值方程构建偏振转换长度与外加电压的对应关系。然后通过对电场传输方程进行横向有限差分离散得到了交替方向隐式束传播法迭代方程组的显式表达,用于求解液晶光波导中的传播场,进而计算偏振转换效率。最后,通过仿真实验求解了本征模式以及传播场,进而分析液晶指向矢的渐变特性对偏振转换长度和偏振转换效率的影响。结果表明,液晶指向矢的渐变对偏振转换长度的影响可以忽略,但其得出的最大偏振转换效率相较于液晶重新取向均匀的求解结果低大约20%。这一结果将为基于液晶光波导的电控偏振旋转器的实际开发提供理论参考。

     

  • 图 1  (a)液晶光波导横截面示意图;(b)液晶分子偏转示意图

    Figure 1.  (a) Schematic diagram of the cross-section of liquid crystal optical waveguide; (b) deflection diagram of liquid crystal molecular

    图 2  有限差分法中使用的网格节点示意图。(p, q) 表示中心节点,其余节点为距离其最近的8个节点。${\Delta }x$${\Delta }y$分别表示xy方向上的网格间距

    Figure 2.  Diagram of mesh nodes used in the finite difference method. (p, q) represent the central node, and the other nodes are the 8 nodes closest to the central node. ${\Delta }x$ and ${\Delta }y$ are the mesh spacing in the x and y direction, respectively

    图 3  不同外加电压下$ {\varepsilon _{xx}} $$ {\varepsilon _{yy}} $$ {\varepsilon _{xy}} $(或$ {\varepsilon _{yx}} $)随y的一维渐变曲线

    Figure 3.  One-dimensional gradual change curves of $ {\varepsilon _{xx}} $, $ {\varepsilon _{yy}} $, $ {\varepsilon _{xy}} $ (or $ {\varepsilon _{yx}} $) with y at different applied voltages

    图 4  PCL分别在渐变和均匀两种介电张量下随外加电压变化的曲线

    Figure 4.  PCL varying with applied voltage under gradient and uniform dielectric tensors, respectively

    图 5  初始和输出位置处的电场分布。(a)~(b)初始激励;(c)~(f) 外加电压为1.26倍阈值时输出端的传播场分布;(g)~(j) 外加电压为2.1倍阈值时输出端的传播场分布

    Figure 5.  Electric field distribution at initial and output positions. (a)−(b) Initial excitation; (c)−(f) propagation field distribution at the output when the applied voltage is 1.26 times the threshold; (g)−(j) propagation field distribution at the output when the applied voltage is 2.1 times the threshold

    图 6  外加电压为1.26倍阈值时X截面(a)~(d)和Y截面(e)~(h)的传播场分布

    Figure 6.  When the applied voltage is 1.26 times the threshold, the propagation field distribution of X section (a)−(d) and Y section (e)−(h)

    图 7  外加电压为2.1倍阈值时X截面(a)~(d)和Y截面(e)~(h)的传播场分布

    Figure 7.  When the applied voltage is 2.1 times the threshold, the propagation field distribution of X section (a)−(d) and Y section (e)−(h)

    图 8  PCE随外加电压变化的曲线

    Figure 8.  PCE varying with concerning applied voltage

  • [1] WANG ZH CH, DAI D X. Ultrasmall Si-nanowire-based polarization rotator[J]. Journal of the Optical Society of America B, 2008, 25(5): 747-753. doi: 10.1364/JOSAB.25.000747
    [2] 戴道锌, 王健, 陈思涛. 硅基片上复用—解复用技术与器件[J]. 电信科学,2015,31(10):9-21.

    DAI D X, WANG J, CHEN S T. Silicon-based-chip multiplexing technologies and devices[J]. Telecommunications Science, 2015, 31(10): 9-21. (in Chinese)
    [3] ONO T, YANO Y. Key technologies for terabit/second WDM systems with high spectral efficiency of over 1 bit/s/Hz[J]. IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics, 1998, 34(11): 2080-2088. doi: 10.1109/3.726596
    [4] INOUE Y, TAKAHASHI H, ANDO S, et al. Elimination of polarization sensitivity in silica-based wavelength division multiplexer using a polyimide half waveplate[J]. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 1997, 15(10): 1947-1957. doi: 10.1109/50.633599
    [5] LI T H, CHEN Q M, YU W X, et al. Planar polarization-routing optical cross-connects using nematic liquid crystal waveguides[J]. Optics Express, 2018, 26(1): 402-418. doi: 10.1364/OE.26.000402
    [6] SHANI Y, ALFERNESS R, KOCH T, et al. Polarization rotation in asymmetric periodic loaded rib waveguides[J]. Applied Physics Letters, 1991, 59(11): 1278-1280. doi: 10.1063/1.105474
    [7] VAN DER TOL J J G M, HAKIMZADEH F, PEDERSEN J W, et al. A new short and low-loss passive polarization converter on InP[J]. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 1995, 7(1): 32-34. doi: 10.1109/68.363385
    [8] OBAYYA S S A, RAHMAN B M A, GRATTAN K T V, et al. Beam propagation modeling of polarization rotation in deeply etched semiconductor bent waveguides[J]. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 2001, 13(7): 681-683. doi: 10.1109/68.930413
    [9] OBAYYA S S A, RAHMAN B M A, GRATTAN K T V, et al. Improved design of a polarization converter based on semiconductor optical waveguide bends[J]. Applied Optics, 2001, 40(30): 5395-5401. doi: 10.1364/AO.40.005395
    [10] CHEN L, ZHANG W G, ZHOU Q, et al. Polarization rotator based on hybrid plasmonic photonic crystal fiber[J]. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 2014, 26(22): 2291-2294. doi: 10.1109/LPT.2014.2352356
    [11] BEGGS D M, MIDRIO M, KRAUSS T F. Compact polarization rotators for integrated polarization diversity in InP-based waveguides[J]. Optics Letters, 2007, 32(15): 2176-2178. doi: 10.1364/OL.32.002176
    [12] HAMEED M F O, HUSSAIN F F K, OBAYYA S S A. Ultracompact polarization rotator based on liquid crystal channel on silicon[J]. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 2017, 35(11): 2190-2199. doi: 10.1364/OE.26.032317
    [13] DAVIS S R, ROMMEL S D, FARCA G, et al. . A new electro-optic waveguide architecture and the unprecedented devices it enables[C]. SPIE Defense and Security Symposium. Orlando, United States: International Society for Optics and Photonics, 2008: 697503.
    [14] TRIPATHI U S, RASTOGI V. Liquid crystal based rib waveguide[J]. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 2020, 38(15): 4045-4051.
    [15] 杨登科, 吴诗聪. 液晶器件基础[M]. 郭太良, 周雄图, 译. 2版. 北京: 科学出版社, 2016.

    YANG D K, WU S T. Fundamentals of Liquid Crystal Devices[M]. GUO T L, ZHOU X T, trans. 2nd ed. Beijing: Science Press, 2016. (in Chinese)
    [16] KHOO I C. Liquid Crystals[M]. 2nd ed. Hoboken: Wiley-Interscience, 2007.
    [17] AGRAWAL O P. Formulation of Euler-Lagrange equations for fractional variational problems[J]. Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications, 2002, 272(1): 368-379.
    [18] 查正桃,张谦述. 液晶光波导中本征模内场分量间的关系[J]. 液晶与显示,2022,37(1):14-20.

    ZHA ZH T, ZHANG Q SH. Relationship of field components in the liquid crystal optical waveguide eigenmode[J]. Chinese Journal of Liquid Crystal and Displays, 2022, 37(1): 14-20. (in Chinese)
    [19] FALLAHKHAIR A B, LI K S, MURPHY T E. Vector finite difference modesolver for anisotropic dielectric waveguides[J]. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 2008, 26(11): 1423-1431. doi: 10.1109/JLT.2008.923643
    [20] KAWANO K, KITOH T. Introduction to Optical Waveguide Analysis: Solving Maxwell's Equations and the Schrödinger Equation[M]. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2001.
    [21] YAMAMOTO S, KOYAMADA Y, MAKIMOTO T. Normal‐mode analysis of anisotropic and gyrotropic thin‐film waveguides for integrated optics[J]. Journal of Applied Physics, 1972, 43(12): 5090-5097. doi: 10.1063/1.1661077
    [22] YAMAUCHI J, TAKAHASHI G, NAKANO H. Full-vectorial beam-propagation method based on the McKee-Mitchell scheme with improved finite-difference formulas[J]. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 1998, 16(12): 2458-2464. doi: 10.1109/50.736638
    [23] ALCANTARA L D S, TEIXEIRA F L, CÉSAR A C, et al. A new full-vectorial FD-BPM scheme: application to the analysis of magnetooptic and nonlinear saturable media[J]. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 2005, 23(8): 2579-2585. doi: 10.1109/JLT.2005.850811
    [24] HADLEY G R. Transparent boundary condition for beam propagation[J]. Optics Letters, 1991, 16(9): 624-626. doi: 10.1364/OL.16.000624
    [25] HOLMES B M, HUTCHINGS D C. Realization of novel low-loss monolithically integrated passive waveguide mode converters[J]. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 2006, 18(1): 43-45. doi: 10.1109/LPT.2005.859987
    [26] BULJA S, MIRSHEKAR-SYAHKAL D, JAMES R, et al. Measurement of dielectric properties of nematic liquid crystals at millimeter wavelength[J]. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 2010, 58(12): 3493-3501.
    [27] LI J, WU S T, BRUGIONI S, et al. Infrared refractive indices of liquid crystals[J]. Journal of Applied Physics, 2005, 97(7): 073501. doi: 10.1063/1.1877815
    [28] 查正桃,张谦述,张耀进,周琪.液晶平板光波导中耦合模式的研究[J/OL].西华师范大学学报(自然科学版): 1-7. [2021-12-04]. http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/51.1699.N.20211130.1830.008.html.

    ZHA ZH T, ZHANG Q SH, ZHANG Y J, et al. Coupling modes in liquid crystal slab optical waveguide[J/OL]. Journal of China West Normal University (Natural Sciences): 1-7. [2021-12-04]. http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/51.1699.N.20211130.1830.008.html.
    [29] 杨文晨, 秦增光, 刘兆军, 等. 基于希尔伯特-黄变换的双马赫-曾德分布式光纤传感振动定位方法[J]. 中国光学,2021,14(6):1410-1416. doi: 10.37188/CO.2021-0065

    YANG W CH, QIN Z G, LIU ZH J, et al. A Hilbert-Huang transform method for vibration localization based on a dual Mach-Zehnder distributed optical fiber sensor[J]. Chinese Optics, 2021, 14(6): 1410-1416. (in Chinese) doi: 10.37188/CO.2021-0065
    [30] 刘野, 刘宇, 肖辉东, 等. 638nm光栅外腔窄线宽半导体激光器[J]. 中国光学,2020,13(6):1249-1256. doi: 10.37188/CO.2020-0249

    LIU Y, LIU Y, XIAO H D, et al. 638 nm narrow linewidth diode laser with a grating external cavity[J]. Chinese Optics, 2020, 13(6): 1249-1256. (in Chinese) doi: 10.37188/CO.2020-0249
    [31] DENG H H, YEVICK D O, BROOKS C, et al. Design rules for slanted-angle polarization rotators[J]. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 2005, 23(1): 432-445. doi: 10.1109/JLT.2004.834477
  • 加载中
图(8)
计量
  • 文章访问数:  1255
  • HTML全文浏览量:  636
  • PDF下载量:  212
  • 被引次数: 0
出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2021-12-06
  • 修回日期:  2021-12-22
  • 录用日期:  2022-01-21
  • 网络出版日期:  2022-01-27
  • 刊出日期:  2022-05-20

目录

    /

    返回文章
    返回

    重要通知

    2024年2月16日科睿唯安通过Blog宣布,2024年将要发布的JCR2023中,229个自然科学和社会科学学科将SCI/SSCI和ESCI期刊一起进行排名!《中国光学(中英文)》作为ESCI期刊将与全球SCI期刊共同排名!