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非球面光学元件面型检测技术研究进展与最新应用

梁子健 杨甬英 赵宏洋 刘圣安

梁子健, 杨甬英, 赵宏洋, 刘圣安. 非球面光学元件面型检测技术研究进展与最新应用[J]. 中国光学(中英文), 2022, 15(2): 161-186. doi: 10.37188/CO.2021-0143
引用本文: 梁子健, 杨甬英, 赵宏洋, 刘圣安. 非球面光学元件面型检测技术研究进展与最新应用[J]. 中国光学(中英文), 2022, 15(2): 161-186. doi: 10.37188/CO.2021-0143
LIANG Zi-jian, YANG Yong-ying, ZHAO Hong-yang, LIU Sheng-an. Advances in research and applications of optical aspheric surface metrology[J]. Chinese Optics, 2022, 15(2): 161-186. doi: 10.37188/CO.2021-0143
Citation: LIANG Zi-jian, YANG Yong-ying, ZHAO Hong-yang, LIU Sheng-an. Advances in research and applications of optical aspheric surface metrology[J]. Chinese Optics, 2022, 15(2): 161-186. doi: 10.37188/CO.2021-0143

非球面光学元件面型检测技术研究进展与最新应用

doi: 10.37188/CO.2021-0143
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目 (No. 61627825)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    梁子健(1994—),男,江苏宜兴人,硕士研究生,2017年于南京理工大学获得学士学位,主要从事横向剪切干涉、计算全息以及非球面检测方面的研究。E-mail:454500584@qq.com

    杨甬英(1954—),女,山东莱芜人,博士,教授,博士生导师,主要从事精密测试与计量技术、光电信息传感与纳米技术、气动光学及瞬态波前检测等方面的研究。E-mail:yyyang07@163.com

  • 中图分类号: TN247;TH741;TQ171.65

Advances in research and applications of optical aspheric surface metrology

Funds: Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 61627825)
More Information
  • 摘要: 非球面光学元件,特别是其中的自由曲面元件,在设计自由度上相比于球面具有很大的优势,基于非球面构建的光学系统能够以简单的光机结构实现复杂的设计目的。面型检测技术是保障光学非球面加工精度的关键,针对不同种类的非球面以及非球面加工的不同阶段对检测指标要求的多样性,现已发展出了种类繁多的检测方法。本文回顾了非球面光学元件面型检测技术的发展历程,分非干涉法与干涉法两大类整理了常用的检测技术,介绍了各自的技术指标与适用条件、研究进展与应用情况。本文重点讨论了基于干涉方法的非球面精密检测技术,举例说明了非零位与零位两条技术路线下各检测方法的基本原理、光路结构与检测能力,对比分析了各方法的优缺点与适用范围,介绍了一些配套算法以及检测光路的精密调节方法。

     

  • 图 1  光学非球面面型检测技术分类

    Figure 1.  Classification of optical aspheric surface testing technology

    图 2  高精度机械探针检测设备[63-64]

    Figure 2.  High-accuracy devices using a mechanical probes[63-64]

    图 3  Hartman法及Shack-Hartman法示意图

    Figure 3.  Schematic diagrams of the Hartman & Shack-Hartman tests

    图 4  结构光方法示意图

    Figure 4.  Schematic diagrams of structured light methods

    图 5  PMD方法的研究与应用[21,71]

    Figure 5.  Research and application of the PMD method[21,71]

    图 6  Ronchi检验法示意图

    Figure 6.  Schematic diagram of the Ronchi test

    图 7  Foucault刀口法示意图

    Figure 7.  Schematic diagram of the Foucault knife-edge test

    图 8  无像差点法检测抛物面光路模型

    Figure 8.  Schematic diagrams of testing paraboloids using aberration-free point method

    图 9  折射式补偿器零位检测光路模型

    Figure 9.  Schematic diagrams of null test by the refractive compensator

    图 10  带有载频的CGH示意图

    Figure 10.  Schematic diagrams of CGH with a carrier

    图 11  CGH原理图

    Figure 11.  Principle diagram of CGH

    图 12  基于CGH补偿器的零位检测(Wyant J C)

    Figure 12.  Null test using CGH (by Wyant J C)

    图 13  CGH测试板法光路模型

    Figure 13.  Optical layout model of the CGH test plate

    图 14  CGH波带板法光路模型

    Figure 14.  Optical layout model of the CGH zone plate

    图 15  采用DM补偿器的零位检测方案[35.38,96]

    Figure 15.  Null tests of optical aspheric surface using DM[35.38,96]

    图 16  采用SLM补偿器的零位检测方案[43]

    Figure 16.  Null test of the aspheric surface using SLM[43]

    图 17  IRO算法主要流程

    Figure 17.  Basic flows of the IRO algorithm

    图 18  单透镜PNC非零位检测光路[46]

    Figure 18.  Optical layout of the non-null test using singlet PNC[46]

    图 19  非球面PNC非零位检测光路[106]

    Figure 19.  Optical layout of the non-null test using aspheric PNC[106]

    图 20  反射式PNC非零位检测光路[107]

    Figure 20.  Optical layout of the non-null test using reflective PNC[107]

    图 21  环带子孔径拼接示意图

    Figure 21.  Schematic diagram of the ASSI method

    图 22  采用ASSI环带划分的ZYGO Verifire干涉仪[111]

    Figure 22.  ZYGO Verifire interferometer by using the annular sub-aperture division mode like in the ASSI method[111]

    图 23  圆形域子孔径拼接示意图

    Figure 23.  Schematic diagram of the CSSI method

    图 24  基于CSSI和VON的QED干涉仪[41]

    Figure 24.  QED interferometer based on CSSI and VON[41]

    图 25  重叠区域拼接算法仿真示例

    Figure 25.  An example of the overlapping-area-stitching algorithm

    图 26  倾斜波前干涉法示意图[54]

    Figure 26.  Schematic diagram of the TWI method[54]

    图 27  Lupho Scan轮廓仪实物图[63]

    Figure 27.  Pictures of the Lupho Scan profiler[63]

    图 28  SOC“三坐标机”实物图[117-118]

    Figure 28.  Pictures of SOC-CMM[117-118]

    图 29  剪切干涉的种类

    Figure 29.  Classification of shearing interferometry

    图 30  基于QWLSI的非球面检测[122]

    Figure 30.  Aspheric surface testing based on QWLSI[122]

    图 31  环形RSI原理模型

    Figure 31.  Principle model of annular RSI

    图 32  基于SNI法的Dimetior AS干涉仪

    Figure 32.  Dimetior AS interferometer based on the SNI method

    图 33  基于PNC的检测光路示意图

    Figure 33.  Optical layout of the metrology systems using PNC

    图 34  PNC位姿调节示意图

    Figure 34.  Schematic diagram of PNC adjustment

    图 35  基于CGH的非球面检测光路示意图

    Figure 35.  Optical layout of the aspheric test based on CGH

    表  1  常用回程误差校正算法对比

    Table  1.   Comparison of common RE calibration algorithms

    方法理论条件精度速度
    GDI小畸变近似理论黑盒较低较快
    TRW参考波面替代理论白盒一般较快
    IRO系统函数的不变性白盒较慢
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  非球面常用干涉检测方法总结

    Table  2.   Summary of widely used interferometric metrology methods of optics aspheric surfaces

    方法类别检测原理通用性检测精度动态范围检测效率
    CGH零位补偿法衍射补偿器较小
    PNC部分补偿法部分补偿、回程误差校正较好较高,取决于回程误差校正较大
    子孔径拼接法(SSI)子孔径检测、拼接算法较高,取决于回程误差校正
    自适应补偿法自适应补偿器较高较大
    TWI倾斜波前法倾斜子光束检测不同区域较好较高,取决于回程误差校正较小较高
    剪切干涉法剪切率调节系统动态范围较好较高,取决于回程误差校正可调
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2021-07-26
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