亚微牛级推力测量系统设计及实验研究

杨超; 贺建武; 康琦; 段俐

doi:10.3788/CO.20191203.0526

亚微牛级推力测量系统设计及实验研究

doi: 10.3788/CO.20191203.0526

杨超^{1, 2,},
贺建武¹,
康琦^{1, 2},
段俐^{1, 2, ,}

1.
中国科学院力学研究所中国科学院微重力重点实验室, 北京 100190
2.
中国科学院大学工程科学学院, 北京 100049

基金项目:

中国科学院战略性先导科技专项资助项目 XDB23030300

中国科学院战略性先导科技专项资助项目 XDA1502070901-01

中国科学院战略性先导科技专项资助项目 XDA1502070503

详细信息

作者简介:
杨超(1994-), 男, 河北石家庄人, 主要从事弱力测量及冷气微推进方面的研究。E-mail:yangchao1@imech.ac.cn

段俐(1966-), 女, 博士, 研究员, 主要从事流体热质输运和界面行为的实验研究, 并在相应科学需求的带动下进行先进流场诊断技术和挑战性空间实验技术的研究。E-mail:duanli@imech.ac.cn

中图分类号: V439+.4
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-12-12
- 修回日期: 2019-02-10
- 刊出日期: 2019-06-01

Design and experimental study of sub-micro-scale thrust measurement systems

YANG Chao^{1, 2
,},
HE Jian-wu¹,
KANG Qi^{1, 2},
DUAN Li^{1, 2
, ,}

1.
National Micro Gravity Laboratory, Institute of Mechanics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
2.
School of Engineering Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Funds:

the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences XDB23030300

the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences XDA1502070901-01

the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences XDA1502070503

More Information

Corresponding author: DUAN Li, E-mail:duanli@imech.ac.cn

摘要

摘要: 空间引力波探测任务需要具有亚微牛级推力分辨率和推力噪声的微推力器来实现卫星平台高精度无拖曳控制任务，为了在地面对所需微推力器的推力进行标定，设计并研制了一套基于扭摆的亚微牛级推力测量系统。该系统选用高精度、高分辨率电容式位移传感器作为扭摆角位移传感装置，利用高精度电子天平对静电梳进行标定，再利用该静电梳标定扭摆，得到推力与角位移的关系。此外，研究了高精度弱力标定技术和亚微牛级微推力在线测量技术，分析了测量误差来源以及控制方案，最后利用静电梳产生标准弱力测量扭摆推力分辨能力和范围等。实验结果表明：该系统可测推力范围为0~400 μN，分辨率达到0.1 μN，背景噪声功率谱密度优于0.1 μN/（10 mHz~1 Hz），满足空间引力波探测在10 mHz~1 Hz频段推力测量需求。
- 引力波 /
- 扭摆 /
- 微推力器 /
- 弱力测量
Abstract: The space gravitational wave detection mission requires a micro-thruster with sub-micro-scale thrust resolution and thrust noise to achieve high-precision drag-free control tasks for satellite platforms. In order to calibrate the thrust of the above-mentioned micro-thrusters on the ground, a set of sub-micro-scale thrust measurement systems using a torsion pendulum is designed. The system uses a high-precision and high-resolution capacitive displacement sensor as the torsion swing angle displacement sensing device. A high-precision electronic balance is used to calibrate an electrostatic comb, and the static comb is used to observe the torsion pendulum to obtain the relationship between thrust and angular displacement. In addition, high-precision weak force calibration technology and sub-micro-scale micro-thrust on-line measurement technology are studied. The measurement error source and control scheme are analyzed. Finally, the static weak comb is used to generate a standard weak force to measure the torsion pendulum thrust resolution capability and range. The experimental results show that the system can measure a thrust range of 0.1 μN to 400 μN with a resolution that reaches 0.1 μN, and a background noise power spectral density of better than 0.1 μN/(10 mHz~1 Hz), which satisfies the requirements of space gravitational wave detection in the thrust measurement range of 10 mHz-1 Hz.
- gravitational wave /
- torsion balance /
- micro thrust /
- measurement of weak force

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图 1 扭摆微推力测量系统

Figure 1. Microthrust measurement system with torsion balance

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图 2 弱力产生装置^[13]

Figure 2. Device of weak force generation

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图 3 一阶线性拟合结果

Figure 3. Results of first order linear fitting

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图 4 背景噪声图

Figure 4. Background noise graph

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图 5 0.1 μN推力台阶

Figure 5. 0.1 μN thrust step

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图 6 推力测量范围

Figure 6. Thrust measurement range

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图 7 温度变化与产生的结构变形之间的关系

Figure 7. Relationship between temperature changes and structural deformation

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表 1 弱力测量结果

Table 1. Measurement results of the weak force generator

测量项目	测量数据
实测电压/V	0	35.03	215.8	296.13	366.42	426.65	476.84	516.96	557.14	597.28
质量(10 μg)	0	14	525	990	1 516	2 055	2 567	3 018	3 505	4 029
实测电压/V	627.42	667.54	707.68	737.83	767.91	798.06	818.16	848.26	878.42	898.45
质量(10 μg)	4 445	5 032	5 556	6 147	6 659	7 192	7 560	8 125	8 714	9 116

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